考研英语二名师预测卷1-名校题库网

单选题

The colourful chalkboards and baskets of fruit that greet customers at the entrances of Whole Foods Market's shops paint a rosy picture.Yet shares in the American seUer of organic and natural food have fallen by more than 40%since hitting a peak last October,in a period when stock markets have been strong.41.It is not that the retailer is in immediate crisis:its latest quarterly figures,on July 30th,showed sales and profits both up a bit.And it is not that people are going off the idea of paying more for food produced without chemical fertilisers,pesticides or additives:the Intemational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements reckons that the industry's worldwide revenues were a record of 63 biUion in 2012;and Techsci Research,a market-research firm,predicts that the American market for such foods-the world's largest-may grow by 14%by 2018.42.The problem is that at Whole Foods,shoppers have been paying way over the cost of regular produce,and its success in getting them to do so has now attracted a lot of competitors,from rival organics chains like Sprouts and Trader Joe's to mass-market retailers like Walmart and Costco.As a result,the pnce premium for organic produce is crashing down.On a recent shopping trip,a pound of organic apples cost 2.99 at Wbole Foods but just l.99 at Sprouts and even less at Costco.43.The firm has been trimming costs to keep its margins up,but the slump in its share price reflects investors'expectation that this cannot continue,that profits will suffer and that Whole Foods'dominance of the market is coming to an end.44.That the company has had to recall a number of products-in late July it and other grocers recalled plums and peaches suspected of contanunation with Listeria bacteria-has made it harder to maintain an air of superiority over its competitors.Organic foods'claim to superiority is questionable anyway.Both Britain's Food Standards Agency and the Annals of Internal Medicine,a journal,concluded after reviewing the extensive studies on the issue that there is no substantial difference in the nutriliousness of organics and non-organics.In some respects organics may be bad for the environment,because growing them uses land less efficiendy than non-organics.45.As for"natural"foods,there is no official definition of this,in America at least;so the label,which Whole Foods also applies to many products,is close to meaningless.Alan McHughen,a bota-nist at the University of California,Riverside,argues that the whole industry is"99%marketing;and public perception,"reeling people in through a fabricated concept of a time when food,and life in general,was simple and wholesome.If true,the trick has worked nicely for Whole Foods.But its success has attracted so many imitators that it is losing its uniqueness.Even recent speculation about a takeover bid has failed to lift its shares.It may insist its food is sustainable.But it seem8 its prices are not.45选？

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

本段首句出现关键词natural foods;接着no official definition，close to meaningless等词都体现出否定负面的感情色彩；该段最后又说the whole industry is 99qo marketing and public perception“整个行业就是99%的市场营销和公众看法”；最后又提到天然食品是fab-ricated concept“捏造出来的概念”。综上，本题选择[D]。其中，natural foods为原词复现，unreal=fabricated。

单选题

The colourful chalkboards and baskets of fruit that greet customers at the entrances of Whole Foods Market's shops paint a rosy picture.Yet shares in the American seUer of organic and natural food have fallen by more than 40%since hitting a peak last October,in a period when stock markets have been strong.41.It is not that the retailer is in immediate crisis:its latest quarterly figures,on July 30th,showed sales and profits both up a bit.And it is not that people are going off the idea of paying more for food produced without chemical fertilisers,pesticides or additives:the Intemational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements reckons that the industry's worldwide revenues were a record of 63 biUion in 2012;and Techsci Research,a market-research firm,predicts that the American market for such foods-the world's largest-may grow by 14%by 2018.42.The problem is that at Whole Foods,shoppers have been paying way over the cost of regular produce,and its success in getting them to do so has now attracted a lot of competitors,from rival organics chains like Sprouts and Trader Joe's to mass-market retailers like Walmart and Costco.As a result,the pnce premium for organic produce is crashing down.On a recent shopping trip,a pound of organic apples cost 2.99 at Wbole Foods but just l.99 at Sprouts and even less at Costco.43.The firm has been trimming costs to keep its margins up,but the slump in its share price reflects investors'expectation that this cannot continue,that profits will suffer and that Whole Foods'dominance of the market is coming to an end.44.That the company has had to recall a number of products-in late July it and other grocers recalled plums and peaches suspected of contanunation with Listeria bacteria-has made it harder to maintain an air of superiority over its competitors.Organic foods'claim to superiority is questionable anyway.Both Britain's Food Standards Agency and the Annals of Internal Medicine,a journal,concluded after reviewing the extensive studies on the issue that there is no substantial difference in the nutriliousness of organics and non-organics.In some respects organics may be bad for the environment,because growing them uses land less efficiendy than non-organics.45.As for"natural"foods,there is no official definition of this,in America at least;so the label,which Whole Foods also applies to many products,is close to meaningless.Alan McHughen,a bota-nist at the University of California,Riverside,argues that the whole industry is"99%marketing;and public perception,"reeling people in through a fabricated concept of a time when food,and life in general,was simple and wholesome.If true,the trick has worked nicely for Whole Foods.But its success has attracted so many imitators that it is losing its uniqueness.Even recent speculation about a takeover bid has failed to lift its shares.It may insist its food is sustainable.But it seem8 its prices are not.43选？

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

该段首句出现关键词the firm，文中指全食（即天然健康食品）公司；下文trimming costs“削减成本”，slump“下降、衰落”，suffer“遭受”，coming to an end“结束”等词明显体现出负面色彩，因此选择[B]。该项是唯一复现firm的选项，且该项的aI risk为负面词汇，与整段正负方向、感情色彩一致，故本题选择[B]。

单选题

The colourful chalkboards and baskets of fruit that greet customers at the entrances of Whole Foods Market's shops paint a rosy picture.Yet shares in the American seUer of organic and natural food have fallen by more than 40%since hitting a peak last October,in a period when stock markets have been strong.41.It is not that the retailer is in immediate crisis:its latest quarterly figures,on July 30th,showed sales and profits both up a bit.And it is not that people are going off the idea of paying more for food produced without chemical fertilisers,pesticides or additives:the Intemational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements reckons that the industry's worldwide revenues were a record of 63 biUion in 2012;and Techsci Research,a market-research firm,predicts that the American market for such foods-the world's largest-may grow by 14%by 2018.42.The problem is that at Whole Foods,shoppers have been paying way over the cost of regular produce,and its success in getting them to do so has now attracted a lot of competitors,from rival organics chains like Sprouts and Trader Joe's to mass-market retailers like Walmart and Costco.As a result,the pnce premium for organic produce is crashing down.On a recent shopping trip,a pound of organic apples cost 2.99 at Wbole Foods but just l.99 at Sprouts and even less at Costco.43.The firm has been trimming costs to keep its margins up,but the slump in its share price reflects investors'expectation that this cannot continue,that profits will suffer and that Whole Foods'dominance of the market is coming to an end.44.That the company has had to recall a number of products-in late July it and other grocers recalled plums and peaches suspected of contanunation with Listeria bacteria-has made it harder to maintain an air of superiority over its competitors.Organic foods'claim to superiority is questionable anyway.Both Britain's Food Standards Agency and the Annals of Internal Medicine,a journal,concluded after reviewing the extensive studies on the issue that there is no substantial difference in the nutriliousness of organics and non-organics.In some respects organics may be bad for the environment,because growing them uses land less efficiendy than non-organics.45.As for"natural"foods,there is no official definition of this,in America at least;so the label,which Whole Foods also applies to many products,is close to meaningless.Alan McHughen,a bota-nist at the University of California,Riverside,argues that the whole industry is"99%marketing;and public perception,"reeling people in through a fabricated concept of a time when food,and life in general,was simple and wholesome.If true,the trick has worked nicely for Whole Foods.But its success has attracted so many imitators that it is losing its uniqueness.Even recent speculation about a takeover bid has failed to lift its shares.It may insist its food is sustainable.But it seem8 its prices are not.42选？

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

本段第二、三行明确提到：its success...has now altracted a lot of competitors，from rival organics chains...to mass-market retailers...;大意是：全食超市的成功吸引了大批竞争者。下文接着提到，竞争的结果就是有机产品价格下降。选项中与该段讨论内容相关的为[C]，其中rivals-词在文中原词复现，且同义复现了competitors一词，故[C]为本题答案。

单选题

Text 4 As the country with the European Union's faslest ageing population,Gennany has repeatedly adjusted its pension system to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster.The biggest reform came during Angela Merkel's first term as chancellor.Then,as now,Christian Democrats were yoked with Social Democrats in a"grand coalition".In 2007 the coalition decided that the normal retirement age should gradually rise from 65 t0 67.Mrs Merkel has since preached similar demographic and econonuc wisdom to most of her EU partners,crilicizing France in particular ror straying off the right path.So it comes as something of a shock that Mrs Merkel,now in her third term and running another grand coalition,is reversing course.On the campaign trail for last September's election,she promised to raise pensions for older mothers.The Social Democrats countered wiLh promises to let certain workers retire at 63 instead of 65.As coalilion partners,they will do both at once.It falls to Andrea Nahles,the labour minister and a Social Democrat who likes to wave the banner of"social justice",to push the pension package through parliament by the summer so that it can take effecl on July lst.A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home maternily years if Lhey h8d worked and paid full pension contributions.The new"mother pension"will be for the 8m-9m women who took time off for children before 1992.They will be allowed to count two of those years,instead of just one,as working years for pension purposes.The second part of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63,is aimed at people who have contributed to the pension system for at least 45 years.But Mrs Nahles wants to count not only years spent working or caring for children or other family members but also periods of short-term unemploy-ment.Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due to disability,and spend more money to help them to recover.Individually,these proposals may seem noble-minded.But as a package,the plan is"short-sighted and one~sided,"thinks Axel Bersch-Supan,a pension adviser at the Munich Centre for the Economics of Ageing.It benefits the older generation,which is already well looked after,at the expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes."The financial and psychological costs of the pension al 63 are disastrous,"Mr Bersch-Supan says.There wiU no longer be any incentive to keep working longer.In some cases,people may,in effect,retire at 61,register as unemployed for two years,and then draw their full pensions.

Pension system in Germany has been adjusLed to_____

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

细节题。根据pension system和Germany两个关键词定位到第一段首句：As the country Withlhe European Union's fastest ageing population,Cermany h8s repeatedly adjusted its pension syslem to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster．答案句为avert a slow-motion demographic disaster“避免人口增长缓慢带来的人口灾难”。选项[A]avert ageing trend“避免老龄化趋势”；文章说的是avert demographic disaster“避免人口灾难”而非“ageing trend”，故该项错误。[B]Lackle ageing problem“应对老龄化问题”；文章提到德国fastest ageing populalion“老龄化速度最快”，又提到avert demographic disaster“避免人口灾难”，可见德国一再调整养老金体系的目的是应对人口老龄化问题，该项表述正确。[C]avoid a natural disaster”避免自然灾害”；文章说的是“避免人口灾害”，该项属于典型的偷换概念。[D]reduce ageing population“减少老龄人口”；该项与[A]类似，老龄人口无法减少，该项错误。综上，本题选择[B]。

单选题

Text 4 As the country with the European Union's faslest ageing population,Gennany has repeatedly adjusted its pension system to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster.The biggest reform came during Angela Merkel's first term as chancellor.Then,as now,Christian Democrats were yoked with Social Democrats in a"grand coalition".In 2007 the coalition decided that the normal retirement age should gradually rise from 65 t0 67.Mrs Merkel has since preached similar demographic and econonuc wisdom to most of her EU partners,crilicizing France in particular ror straying off the right path.So it comes as something of a shock that Mrs Merkel,now in her third term and running another grand coalition,is reversing course.On the campaign trail for last September's election,she promised to raise pensions for older mothers.The Social Democrats countered wiLh promises to let certain workers retire at 63 instead of 65.As coalilion partners,they will do both at once.It falls to Andrea Nahles,the labour minister and a Social Democrat who likes to wave the banner of"social justice",to push the pension package through parliament by the summer so that it can take effecl on July lst.A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home maternily years if Lhey h8d worked and paid full pension contributions.The new"mother pension"will be for the 8m-9m women who took time off for children before 1992.They will be allowed to count two of those years,instead of just one,as working years for pension purposes.The second part of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63,is aimed at people who have contributed to the pension system for at least 45 years.But Mrs Nahles wants to count not only years spent working or caring for children or other family members but also periods of short-term unemploy-ment.Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due to disability,and spend more money to help them to recover.Individually,these proposals may seem noble-minded.But as a package,the plan is"short-sighted and one~sided,"thinks Axel Bersch-Supan,a pension adviser at the Munich Centre for the Economics of Ageing.It benefits the older generation,which is already well looked after,at the expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes."The financial and psychological costs of the pension al 63 are disastrous,"Mr Bersch-Supan says.There wiU no longer be any incentive to keep working longer.In some cases,people may,in effect,retire at 61,register as unemployed for two years,and then draw their full pensions.

Which of the foUowing is the best title for the text?

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

主旨题。文章讲述德国养老金体系改革，全文反复出现pension system、reform等词。选项[A]The Ageing Problem in Germany:Hard to Handje“德国老龄化问题：难以应对”；该项仅仅与第一段有关联，首段提到德国老龄化问题，是为了引出全文对养老金体系改革的讨论，故该项不能说明全文主旨，可以排除。[B]Cermany's Pension Reform:Noble and Sensible“德国养老金改革：高尚且明智”；该项涉及全文主旨，但是Noble and Sensible为明显正向词汇，而最后一段对养老金改革明确提出质疑，short-sighted and one-sided是明显负面词汇，显然该项与原文感情色彩不一致，非正确答案。[C]The New Pension System:Cood News for Mothers”新养老金体系：对母亲来说是好消息”：该项的Good News for Mothers显然只涉及第三段的内容，并不能概括全文。[D]Germany's Pension Reform:In the Wrong Direction“德国养老金改革：方向错误”；首先上半句符合全文讨论的话题；其次，下半句的wrong direction-词也与全文主旨相符。文章第二段“Mrs Merkel is reversing course.”暗示主旨．其中wrong direction“错误的方向”=reversing course“颠覆其路线”；文章最后一段还提出：But as package，the plan is“short-sighted and one-sided”…该句的short-sighted、one-sided这些负面词汇也与wrong direction相符。综上．[D]为正确答案。

单选题

The colourful chalkboards and baskets of fruit that greet customers at the entrances of Whole Foods Market's shops paint a rosy picture.Yet shares in the American seUer of organic and natural food have fallen by more than 40%since hitting a peak last October,in a period when stock markets have been strong.41.It is not that the retailer is in immediate crisis:its latest quarterly figures,on July 30th,showed sales and profits both up a bit.And it is not that people are going off the idea of paying more for food produced without chemical fertilisers,pesticides or additives:the Intemational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements reckons that the industry's worldwide revenues were a record of 63 biUion in 2012;and Techsci Research,a market-research firm,predicts that the American market for such foods-the world's largest-may grow by 14%by 2018.42.The problem is that at Whole Foods,shoppers have been paying way over the cost of regular produce,and its success in getting them to do so has now attracted a lot of competitors,from rival organics chains like Sprouts and Trader Joe's to mass-market retailers like Walmart and Costco.As a result,the pnce premium for organic produce is crashing down.On a recent shopping trip,a pound of organic apples cost 2.99 at Wbole Foods but just l.99 at Sprouts and even less at Costco.43.The firm has been trimming costs to keep its margins up,but the slump in its share price reflects investors'expectation that this cannot continue,that profits will suffer and that Whole Foods'dominance of the market is coming to an end.44.That the company has had to recall a number of products-in late July it and other grocers recalled plums and peaches suspected of contanunation with Listeria bacteria-has made it harder to maintain an air of superiority over its competitors.Organic foods'claim to superiority is questionable anyway.Both Britain's Food Standards Agency and the Annals of Internal Medicine,a journal,concluded after reviewing the extensive studies on the issue that there is no substantial difference in the nutriliousness of organics and non-organics.In some respects organics may be bad for the environment,because growing them uses land less efficiendy than non-organics.45.As for"natural"foods,there is no official definition of this,in America at least;so the label,which Whole Foods also applies to many products,is close to meaningless.Alan McHughen,a bota-nist at the University of California,Riverside,argues that the whole industry is"99%marketing;and public perception,"reeling people in through a fabricated concept of a time when food,and life in general,was simple and wholesome.If true,the trick has worked nicely for Whole Foods.But its success has attracted so many imitators that it is losing its uniqueness.Even recent speculation about a takeover bid has failed to lift its shares.It may insist its food is sustainable.But it seem8 its prices are not.41选？

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

本段首句说：It is noL that the retailer is in immediate crisis.“这并不是说零售商的危机迫在眉睫。”也就是说零售商目前并未面临危机，且本段话相对积极正向，例如sales and profits both up，revenues record，grow等词都体现了这一点。而选项中唯有[A]Crisis Seems Far相对正向，虽然cnsis与far都为负面词汇，但二者加起来为正向表达。而该项与该段首句表述也完全一致，首句的not immediate crisis=crisis seems far。综上，本题选择[A]。

单选题

Text 4 As the country with the European Union's faslest ageing population,Gennany has repeatedly adjusted its pension system to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster.The biggest reform came during Angela Merkel's first term as chancellor.Then,as now,Christian Democrats were yoked with Social Democrats in a"grand coalition".In 2007 the coalition decided that the normal retirement age should gradually rise from 65 t0 67.Mrs Merkel has since preached similar demographic and econonuc wisdom to most of her EU partners,crilicizing France in particular ror straying off the right path.So it comes as something of a shock that Mrs Merkel,now in her third term and running another grand coalition,is reversing course.On the campaign trail for last September's election,she promised to raise pensions for older mothers.The Social Democrats countered wiLh promises to let certain workers retire at 63 instead of 65.As coalilion partners,they will do both at once.It falls to Andrea Nahles,the labour minister and a Social Democrat who likes to wave the banner of"social justice",to push the pension package through parliament by the summer so that it can take effecl on July lst.A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home maternily years if Lhey h8d worked and paid full pension contributions.The new"mother pension"will be for the 8m-9m women who took time off for children before 1992.They will be allowed to count two of those years,instead of just one,as working years for pension purposes.The second part of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63,is aimed at people who have contributed to the pension system for at least 45 years.But Mrs Nahles wants to count not only years spent working or caring for children or other family members but also periods of short-term unemploy-ment.Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due to disability,and spend more money to help them to recover.Individually,these proposals may seem noble-minded.But as a package,the plan is"short-sighted and one~sided,"thinks Axel Bersch-Supan,a pension adviser at the Munich Centre for the Economics of Ageing.It benefits the older generation,which is already well looked after,at the expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes."The financial and psychological costs of the pension al 63 are disastrous,"Mr Bersch-Supan says.There wiU no longer be any incentive to keep working longer.In some cases,people may,in effect,retire at 61,register as unemployed for two years,and then draw their full pensions.

Merkel has astonished the public because she_____

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

细节题。根据Merkel、astonished等关键词定位到第二段第二句：So it comes as something“a shock that Mrs Merkel...is reversing course.其中astonished“惊讶”=shock“震惊”。答案句为：Mrs Merkel is reversing course.“默克尔颠覆了之前的路线。”选项[A]changed her curriculum“更改她的课程”；该项把原文course误解为“课程”，是明显的错误选项。[B]made a unrealistic promise“作出不切实际的承诺”；下文提到她的承诺，但是与答案句无关，故该项可以排除。[C]overtumed her old decision“推翻她之前的决定”；该项与答案句reversing course是替换关系，其中overtumed=reversing;old decision=course；故该项正确。[D]criticized her coalition partners“指责她的联盟伙伴”；该项与答案句无关，可以排除。综上[C]为正确答案。

单选题

Text 3 Olivia Pedersen thought the Nissan Leaf parked outside her favourite lunch spot near Emory University,must be hers.But she could not open the door.Nor could she open the door of the identical Leaf behind it.Cautiously,she tried the third Leaf in line and happily drove away.More than 14,000 electric vehicles are now registered in Georgia;California is Lhe only state with more.But the juicy state incentives for buying ihem are coming under aUack.Residents can claim an income-tax credit for 20%of the cost of leasing or purchasing an electric vehicle,up to$5,000.Combined with a possible federal tax incentive worth$7,500,savvy Georgians are driving all the way to the bank in nearly-free electric cars.Nissan sells more of its Leaf models in Adanta than in any other city,according to Don Francis from Georgia,which promotes the use of cars like these.Such trends motivated Chuck Martin,a representative in Georgia's House,to sponsor a bill to end state incentives for electric vehicles.He argues that the income-tax credit costs too much-about$13.6m in 2013-and that only urban types benefit from these sorts of cars.Mr Martin's bill was voted down in committee in February,but seems to be still breathing.Another House bill,mostly to finance transport projects,would reduce the credits;it is now before the Senate.Fans of electric vehicles say Ceorgia now leads the country in clean transport.Local power companies have helped by offering off-peak prices of l.3 cents per kilowatt hour for charging the cars at night.And the sales tax levied on this power stays in the state,whereas cash spent on petrol largely goes elsewhere,says Jeff Cohen,founder of the Atlanta Electric Vehicle Development Coalition.Cutting the credits alLogether might also harm Georgia in other ways.A study by Keybridge Public Policy Economics,a consultancy,says the stale could lose$252m by 2030 if they disap-pear and people buy gas-guzzlers instead.That is because drivers will spend$714m on petrol to get around（in contrast with the$261m they would have paid in electricity bills）,and will no longer fritter away their savings from the federal electric-vehicle tax crediL in Georgia's shops.But the state's incentives may be safe in the legislature after all;the president of the Senate drives an electric car himself.

Supporters of electric vehicles believe that these cars are______

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

观点题。根据题干supporters of electric vehicles定位到第四段首句fans of electric vehicles；其中supporters“支持者”=fans“粉丝”。首句say Georgia now leads Lhe country in clean transport说明这些支持者的观点，其中clean transport指的就是electric vehicles，这些支持者认为电动汽车是“干净的交通工具”，即认为电动汽车是“环保的”。第二句指出：当地电力公司也积极响应，并提供1.3美分每度的低电价供居民晚上充电。该句说明电动汽车“省钱”。故答案为[C]environmental-friendly and money-saving“环保省钱”。选项[A]converuent to charge and duty-free“充电方便且免税”：其中duty-free错误，原文没有说电动汽车免税。[B）powerful and good to environment“动力强大且有利于环境”；powerful一词纯粹是无中生有。[D]inexpensive and faster thanIradiiional cars“便宜且速度超过传统汽车”：该项也属于无中生有。综上，本题答案为[C）。

单选题

Text 4 As the country with the European Union's faslest ageing population,Gennany has repeatedly adjusted its pension system to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster.The biggest reform came during Angela Merkel's first term as chancellor.Then,as now,Christian Democrats were yoked with Social Democrats in a"grand coalition".In 2007 the coalition decided that the normal retirement age should gradually rise from 65 t0 67.Mrs Merkel has since preached similar demographic and econonuc wisdom to most of her EU partners,crilicizing France in particular ror straying off the right path.So it comes as something of a shock that Mrs Merkel,now in her third term and running another grand coalition,is reversing course.On the campaign trail for last September's election,she promised to raise pensions for older mothers.The Social Democrats countered wiLh promises to let certain workers retire at 63 instead of 65.As coalilion partners,they will do both at once.It falls to Andrea Nahles,the labour minister and a Social Democrat who likes to wave the banner of"social justice",to push the pension package through parliament by the summer so that it can take effecl on July lst.A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home maternily years if Lhey h8d worked and paid full pension contributions.The new"mother pension"will be for the 8m-9m women who took time off for children before 1992.They will be allowed to count two of those years,instead of just one,as working years for pension purposes.The second part of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63,is aimed at people who have contributed to the pension system for at least 45 years.But Mrs Nahles wants to count not only years spent working or caring for children or other family members but also periods of short-term unemploy-ment.Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due to disability,and spend more money to help them to recover.Individually,these proposals may seem noble-minded.But as a package,the plan is"short-sighted and one~sided,"thinks Axel Bersch-Supan,a pension adviser at the Munich Centre for the Economics of Ageing.It benefits the older generation,which is already well looked after,at the expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes."The financial and psychological costs of the pension al 63 are disastrous,"Mr Bersch-Supan says.There wiU no longer be any incentive to keep working longer.In some cases,people may,in effect,retire at 61,register as unemployed for two years,and then draw their full pensions.

Andrea Nahles's pension reforms focus on the following parts except_____

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

细节题。根据Andrea Nahles定位到第三、四两段。题干大意：以下哪项不是安吉拉·默克尔养老金改革关注的部分?[A]reLirement age“退休年龄”；[B]working mothers“有工作的母亲”；[C]handicapped people“残疾人士”；[D]unemployed women“无业女性”。第三段提到：A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home malernity years if they had worked and paid full pension contribuLions.其中women with children=mothers；they had worked=working;故该句涉及[B]working mothers;[B]不符合答案要求。第四段首句提到：The second pan of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63...该项涉及【A]retirement age;故[A]可以排除。倒数第二段最后一句提到：Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due Io disability...其中people who cannot work due to disability=handicapped people;故[C】也可以排除。原文只有[D]unemployed women没有提及，[D]符合答案要求。

单选题

Text 3 Olivia Pedersen thought the Nissan Leaf parked outside her favourite lunch spot near Emory University,must be hers.But she could not open the door.Nor could she open the door of the identical Leaf behind it.Cautiously,she tried the third Leaf in line and happily drove away.More than 14,000 electric vehicles are now registered in Georgia;California is Lhe only state with more.But the juicy state incentives for buying ihem are coming under aUack.Residents can claim an income-tax credit for 20%of the cost of leasing or purchasing an electric vehicle,up to$5,000.Combined with a possible federal tax incentive worth$7,500,savvy Georgians are driving all the way to the bank in nearly-free electric cars.Nissan sells more of its Leaf models in Adanta than in any other city,according to Don Francis from Georgia,which promotes the use of cars like these.Such trends motivated Chuck Martin,a representative in Georgia's House,to sponsor a bill to end state incentives for electric vehicles.He argues that the income-tax credit costs too much-about$13.6m in 2013-and that only urban types benefit from these sorts of cars.Mr Martin's bill was voted down in committee in February,but seems to be still breathing.Another House bill,mostly to finance transport projects,would reduce the credits;it is now before the Senate.Fans of electric vehicles say Ceorgia now leads the country in clean transport.Local power companies have helped by offering off-peak prices of l.3 cents per kilowatt hour for charging the cars at night.And the sales tax levied on this power stays in the state,whereas cash spent on petrol largely goes elsewhere,says Jeff Cohen,founder of the Atlanta Electric Vehicle Development Coalition.Cutting the credits alLogether might also harm Georgia in other ways.A study by Keybridge Public Policy Economics,a consultancy,says the stale could lose$252m by 2030 if they disap-pear and people buy gas-guzzlers instead.That is because drivers will spend$714m on petrol to get around（in contrast with the$261m they would have paid in electricity bills）,and will no longer fritter away their savings from the federal electric-vehicle tax crediL in Georgia's shops.But the state's incentives may be safe in the legislature after all;the president of the Senate drives an electric car himself.

The author's attitude towards Georgia's policies on electric cars seems to be______

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

态度题。定位到最后一段。转折处经常强调作者的观点态度，故最能体现作者态度的句子是全文最后一句：But the state's incentives may be safe in the legislature after all;the president of the Senate drives an elecLric car himself.其中slate's incentives“该州的激励政策”指的就是全文讨论的Georgia's policies on electric cars“乔治亚州的电动汽车政策”。该句中能够明确体现感情色彩的词是safe“安全的”，该词属于正向词汇，故答案也应该是正向词汇。选项[A]worried“担忧的”；[B]doubtful“怀疑的”“C]optimistic“乐观的”；[D]sympathetic“同情的”；四个选项中显然只有[C]optimistic为正向词汇，故该项正确。

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