2015年考研英语二真题-名校题库网

单选题

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences.Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house.Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41_Fear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43_Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44_No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45_Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin,think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.41选？

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

特征词复现快速浏览此段，可以发现本段中出现了多次词义复现，如“Fear is not real”以及“fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination”（惧怕只是丰富想象的产物）。而且还用隐形转折“Unfortunately”表明此段重点，转折后作者通过引用Will Smith的话以及自己的总结强调揭示了段落主题。确定与D项匹配。

单选题

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences.Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house.Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41_Fear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43_Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44_No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45_Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin,think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.45选？

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

特征词复现该段“When you…you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.”句子重包含作者强烈情感色彩词“should”，因此，确定为本段中心。这句话正面提出了作者观点“相信自己，相信自己能做出最明智的决定”。快速浏览余下内容，发现在下文出现的“own thoughts，own values”以及“own choices”与C项中的“own path”同义复现，确定C项为正确答案。

单选题

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences.Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house.Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41_Fear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43_Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44_No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45_Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin,think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.44选？

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

特征词复现【解析】段落首句出现了表达强烈语气的情态动词should，因此确定为本段主题句。主题句中的关键信息为you are not alone，与A项匹配，确定A项为正确答案。

单选题

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences.Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house.Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41_Fear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43_Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44_No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45_Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin,think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.42选？

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正确答案：E

本题解析：

特征词复现该题所在段落属于平铺直叙，因此第一句话为段落中心句，其中关键信息是“focus on the present moment”，与E项复现。此外，快速浏览此段，可以发现下文中又多次复现了主题词，如“value the present moment，moment”以及“present”等。

单选题

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences.Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house.Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41_Fear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43_Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44_No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45_Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin,think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.43选？

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

特征词复现快速浏览段落，可以发现段落中的特征词与G项匹配。其中段落中的“appreciate，smile，value”等词与“grateful”属于近义复现，而“cry”和“complain”等词与“grateful”是反义复现。

单选题

Text 2 For years,studies have found that first-generation college students—those who do not havea parent with a college degree—lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education,colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.This has created“a paradox”in that recruiting first-generation students,but then watching many of them fail,means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen,rather than close”an achievement gap based on social class,according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journalPsychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic,as it outlines a potential solution to this problem,suggesting that an approach（which involves a one-hour,next-to-no-cost program）can close 63 percent of the achievement gap（measured by such factors as grades）between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities,and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students（who completed the project）at an unnamed private university.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.Most of the first-generation students（59.1 percent）were recipients of Pell Grants,a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need,while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis—that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact—was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students“struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,learn the‘rules of the game,’and take advantage of college resources,”they write.And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.“Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’educational experiences,many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students‘like them’can improve.”We may infer from the last paragraph that_____

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

推理题【命题思路】这是一道封闭推理题。本题主要考查考生有效辨别段落核心信息，进行适度推理的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键词“infer from the last paragraph”定位到最后一段。本题是段落推理题，可以通过寻找段落中心句的方式来解。本段共三句：第一句和第二句是并列关系，均提出“初代”学生中存在的与社会阶层有关的问题。第三句以一个“because”所引导的原因状语从句点明中心，明确该问题的来源是美国高校未承认社会阶层对学生教育经历的影响，说明高校应该为出现的问题担负部分责任。因此D项正确。【干扰排除】A项、B项、C项在此段并未提及，属于无中生有，故排除。

单选题

Text 3 Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,mission,passion.There were goals,there were strategies,there were objectives,but we didn’t talk about energy;we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“team”-oriented—and not by coincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America,it’s still a big deal.It’s not explicitly conscious;it’s the idea that I’m a coach,and you’re my team,and we’re in this together.There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and,as Khurana,another professor,points out,increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:terms likevision,values,passion,and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The“mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today,prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In,whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home.But if your work is your“passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it,even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak:Everyone makes fun of it,but managers love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb it.As linguist once said,“You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning,office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.

Which of the following statements is true about office speak?

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

细节题【命题思路】本题形式上（Which is true…？）像推理题，实质上是一道细节题。主要考查考生对相关信息的精准理解及把握，及有效排除干扰信息的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键信息“office speak”定位到末段首句。需特别注意这句话的结构：本句是一个转折句，包含两个不同的层面，列举了不同类别的人对“office speak”的不同态度。一一比对选项，确定最佳答案

单选题

Text 4 Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June,along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent,as good news.And they were right.For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment,but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However,there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.This figure is now 830,000（4.4 percent）above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare,it is worth making an important distinction.Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this is all they can get.An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June,but the general direction has been down.Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession,but it is down by 640,000（7.9percent）from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us.The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week.If the answer is“yes”,they are classified as working part-time.The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice.They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment.For many people,especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However,Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges.These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families.With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

细节题【命题思路】这是一道细节题。主要考查考生准确理解题干，精准定位，并能正确划分和掌握定位信息的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键信息“job pictures，neglected”定位到第二段第一句“the jobs picture…was largely overlooked”，其中“neglected是overlooked”的同义替换。第二句具体指出被忽略的部分是“there was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working parttime”，即有大量的人自愿从事兼职工作。比对四个选项，确定正确答案为B项。其中“increase”是原文“jump”的同义替换，“voluntary parttime jobs”是“voluntarily working parttime”的同义转述。【干扰排除】A、D两项均表明就业形势良好，并没有说这种现象被忽视，与题干不相关，故排除。文中第一段只是客观描述了我们依然要走很长的路才能达到全民就业，而并不是说这种问题被忽略，故C项排除。

单选题

Text 3 Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,mission,passion.There were goals,there were strategies,there were objectives,but we didn’t talk about energy;we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“team”-oriented—and not by coincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America,it’s still a big deal.It’s not explicitly conscious;it’s the idea that I’m a coach,and you’re my team,and we’re in this together.There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and,as Khurana,another professor,points out,increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:terms likevision,values,passion,and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The“mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today,prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In,whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home.But if your work is your“passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it,even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak:Everyone makes fun of it,but managers love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb it.As linguist once said,“You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning,office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.

Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

细节题【命题思路】这是一道细节题。主要考查考生借助题干关键信息定位，并准确理解定位信息，辨别干扰信息的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键信息“importation of terminology”定位到第三段第二句。由题干中的“believe”可知本题考查观点，也即论点，所以确定本题答案应在本段的首句。首句的“are intended to”表示目的，对应题干中的“aims to”，D项“strengthen employee loyalty”对应文中的“increase allegiance to the firm”，因此为正确答案。【干扰排除】A项、B项、C项属于无中生有，故排除。

单选题

Text 3 Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,mission,passion.There were goals,there were strategies,there were objectives,but we didn’t talk about energy;we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“team”-oriented—and not by coincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America,it’s still a big deal.It’s not explicitly conscious;it’s the idea that I’m a coach,and you’re my team,and we’re in this together.There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and,as Khurana,another professor,points out,increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:terms likevision,values,passion,and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The“mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today,prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In,whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home.But if your work is your“passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it,even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak:Everyone makes fun of it,but managers love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb it.As linguist once said,“You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning,office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.

It can be inferred that Lean In____

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

推理题【命题思路】这是一道推理题。主要考查考生精准定位后，提取核心信息的能力。考生还应能明白推理题的正确答案在原文，而非胡猜推测。【直击答案】根据题干中的“Lean In”定位到第四段第二句。第二句主要讲述了今天仍然持续着始于20世纪的90年代的“妈咪战争”，这催生了一系列诸如为何女性不能拥有一切的争论，以及像Lean In这样的书。因此，确定此书与女性相关。此外，第一句话中出现了“worklife balance”，结合二者可以推理出这句话谈论的是工作中对于女性的不公平，确定最佳答案为A项。【干扰排除】B项、D项属于无中生有，故排除。C项属于因果倒置，原文“妈咪战争”是催生Lean In的原因，而非结果，故排除。

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