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学历类职业资格公务员医卫类建筑工程外语类计算机类财会类

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学历类职业资格公务员医卫类建筑工程外语类计算机类财会类

Passage 2

Teacher education provided by U．S． colleges and universities has been routinely criticized sinceits inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly． These programs, likenon-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved． What makes today′ s criticismsdifferent is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneursto deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes intoteaching．

This effort to "disrupt" the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gainedconsiderable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U．S．

Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding．

The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its universitysystem and replace much of it with independent, private programs． The resulting system of teacherpreparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure, content, and processes movingaway from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairsacademic degrees with professional training．

Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas andgeographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards forbecoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number ofteacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies． The federal government has contributedto the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy

provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages statesto expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．

Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to publicuniversi

A.Moment
B.Motive
C.Achievement
D.Incentive

正确答案及解析

正确答案

解析

词义题。momentum意为“势头，动力，冲力”。根据momentum后面的句子“…withventure capitalists，philanthropy，and the U．S．Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantialfunding”可知，风险资本家、慈善事业及教育部提供的资金援助推动了美国在师资培养领域所做的努力。moment“时刻”，motive“动机”．achievement“成就，成绩”，incentive“动机，刺激”。故选D。