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大学英语四级模拟考题2021

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问答题

茶拥有5000年的历史。传说，神农氏( Shen Nong)喝开水时，几片野树叶子落进壶里开水顿时散发出宜人的香味。他喝了几口，觉得很提神。茶就这样发现了。

自此，茶在中国开始流行。茶园遍布全国，茶商变得富有。昂贵、雅致的茶具成了地位的象征。

今天，茶不仅是一种健康的饮品，而且是中国文化的一个组成部分。越来越多的国际游客一边品茶， 一边了解中国文化。

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正确答案：

　　Tea has a history of 5,000 years. One legend goes that when Shen Nong was about to drink some boiled water, a few wild tree leaves fell into the kettle and gave off sweet fragrance.

　　He drank a little and found it very refreshing, which led to the discovery of tea.

　　Since then, tea became popular in China. Tea gardens appeared everywhere, tea merchants became rich, and expensive and graceful tea set even became a symbol of social status.

　　Today, tea is not only a healthy drink but also part of the Chinese culture. More and more international tourists begin to understand the Chinese culture as they drink tea.

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.

Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.

Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students' questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn't tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn't inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.

The goal of Professor Goel's virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else

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正确答案：

46.B

47.C

48.A

49.D

50.C

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or __26__ the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is __27__ , and the label says "pure water". But maybe what's inside is not so __28__ . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world __29__ microplastics?

That's the conclusion of a recently __30__ study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, __31__ an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a __32__ commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and __33__ containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.

Confronted with this __34__ , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the __35__ health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.

A) adequate

B) admiring

C) contains

D) defending

E) evidence

F) instant

G) liquid

H) modified

I) natural

J) potential

K) released

L) revealing

M) sealed

N) solves

O) substance

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正确答案：

26.B

27.M

28.I

29.C

30.K

31.L

32.O

33.G

34.E

35.J

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

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正确答案：

The full name of a Han Chinese consists of a family name and a given name. A distinctive feature of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, Chinese family names have been passed down through the father. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for a child to adopt the mother's family name. Generally, a given name is made up of one or two characters, usually carrying the parents' wishes for their child. It can be inferred from the name what kind of person the parents want their child to be, or what kind of life they expect him or her to lead. Chinese parents attach great importance to the choice of their child's name, as the name tends to accompany the child for his or her entire life.

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

A) Getting around a city is one thing -- and then there's the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses "rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale."

B) "The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century -- and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air," Kasarda says.Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years."From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness," says Kasada. "The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport."

C) Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub. But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an "international business district" doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. "I am a visionary," he says.Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park's baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea. There's a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.

D) Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea."Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo."I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning. "Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice."

E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that's not how it has turned out.Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated.A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there's a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there's a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven -- all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.

F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years.Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great.And that's the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city -- more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. "It's a great place to live. And it's becoming a great place to work," says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering glass towers line the canal’s edge.

G) "What's happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here," he says. "There needs to be strong economic incentives."The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic. There's a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.

H) But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow."I'm, like, in prison for weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in her 20s. She doesn't want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. "I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights."But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.

I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, too. Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, "like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate."But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.

J) Songdo's backers contend that it's still early, and business space is filling up -- about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied.Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. "There have been a lot of utopian cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely."In other words, when it comes to cities -- or anything else -- it is hard to predict the future.

36. Songdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.

37. The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.

38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.

39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.

40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.

41. Songdo has ended up diferent from the city it was supposed to be.

42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.

43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.

44. According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresce what will happen in the future.

45. Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connction with the city.

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正确答案：

36.F

37.I

38.D

39.G

40.B

41.E

42.H

43.A

44.J

45.C

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例，而在其他地区人们的饮食中，肉类和奶制品更为常见。四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣食物，而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。然而，因为烹饪方式各异，同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。

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正确答案：

People in diferent parts of China have a variety of diets. In the north the staplefood is pasta, while in the south rice.In coastal areas,seafood and freshwater productsmake up a large part of the local diet, while in other areas, mcat and dairy products aremore common on the table.People in Sichuan。Hunan and other provinces generallyprefer spicy food,while people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang prefer sweet food.However,due to different cooking methods, similar foods may taste different from one another.

本题解析：

本套题目总体难度中等，绝大部分词汇和短语在英语中均有对应的表达，因此同学们直译即可。如果个别词汇造成翻译障碍，头脑中没有对应的英文表达，同学们要尝试变换对原文的理解，以便用上自己熟悉的英文表达方式，比如“占有相当大的比例”，如果“比例”（proportion）这样的词，脑海中根本没有对应的英文表达，那么一定要迅速进行原文的再理解，“相当大的比例”其实就是“很大一部分”，因此译为a big part of也是完全可以接受的

问答题

鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。正由于这个象征性的意义，春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。中国人有节省的传统，他们认为节省得愈多，就感到愈为安全。今天，尽管人们愈来愈富裕了，但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。

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正确答案：

Fish is indispensable at the dining table on the eve of Spring Festival, since the pronunciation of "fish" and "surplus" are identical to each other in Chinese. With this symbolic meaning, fish is also given as a gift to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish originated from traditional Chinese culture. The Chinese people have a tradition of thrift, believing that the more they save, the securer they will feel. Nowadays, although people become richer, thrift is still regarded as a virtue worth promoting.

本题解析：

1、鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。

第一句包含两个小分句，后半句“因为”二字表明了两个分句的逻辑关系，可用“because”或“since”表示原因，从而顺势翻译两小句。词汇方面“前夕”、“不可或缺”和“余”可能对某些考生来说稍有难度，但若注重四级词汇的积累则不是难点。

Fish is indispensable at the dining table on the eve of Spring Festival, since the pronunciation of "fish" and "surplus" are identical to each other in Chinese.

2、正由于这个象征性的意义，春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。

第二句包括两小分句，前一小句“正是由于”表明分句间前因后果的逻辑关系，可以用“It is for the reason that…”句式，也可以用介词with表述;同时后一分句考察被动语态的用法。

With this symbolic meaning, fish is also given as a gift to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.

3、鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。

第三句“据说”可译为被动语态句型“It is said that…”句式，“that”从句后接真正的主语。主语是“鱼的象征意义”，动词是“源于”，顺句翻译出来即可。词汇方面“源于”可译为originate from…或derive from均可。

It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish originated from traditional Chinese culture.

4、中国人有节省的传统，他们认为节省得愈多，就感到愈为安全。

第四句包含三小分句，但因主语皆为“中国人”，因此可以用“and”或者用现在分词的形式连接句子，化零为整。同时考察了“愈…愈…”的比较级句式表达;词汇方面“节省”可译为“frugality”或“thrift”均可。

The Chinese people have a tradition of thrift, believing that the more they save, the securer they will feel.

5、今天，尽管人们愈来愈富裕了，但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。

第五句包含两小分句，“尽管”表明了句式的逻辑关系，考察了由“although”连接的让步状语从句的用法，后一分句可顺势翻译为人做主语的简单句，也可译为以“节省”为主语的被动句。

Nowadays, although people become richer, thrift is still regarded as a virtue worth promoting.

问答题

中国，地球上最吸引人的国家之一，有5000多年的历史，是目前全球第二大经济体(the second largest economy)。随着广泛的经济改革，中国正经历着显著、快速的变化。1949年以前的中国极端贫困、收入不平衡(incomeinequalities)、国家不安全。由于经济改革，从1980年开始，人民的生活水平开始提升至基本水平之上。全国人口有了足够的食物、衣服和住房，普通家庭可以吃得起各种各样的食物，穿得上时尚的衣服。

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正确答案：

China, one of the most fascinating countries on Earth, has a history of more than 5,000 years and is currently the second largest economy in the world.China is going through a remarkable and rapid change with widespread economic reforms.Before 1949, China was characterized by extreme poverty, income inequalities, and insecurity.Since 1980，thanks to the economic reforms, people's standard of living started to climb beyond the basic level.The general population had adequate food, clothing, and housing, and ordinary families could afford to eat a variety of foods and wear stylish clothing.

本题解析：

全球第二大经济体：the second largest economy

收入不平衡：incomeinequalities

问答题

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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正确答案：

Dear friend,

I am delighted to write this letter to recommend a city for you. I know that you have a strong desire to teach English in recent days. I suppose when you read this letter, you must be satisfied about what I recommend.

I would like to share with you some detailed information about it. The first city flashing in my mind is Beijing, the capital of China. Additionally, young people in expanding number in Beijing begin to improve the awareness of English learning. They admit that having a good command of English plays a key role in personal growth and future career. As a consequence, I am sure that you will have a lot of chances to teach English.

Thank you for spending time reading this letter and I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Good luck to you with all aspects of life.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

本题解析：暂无解析

问答题

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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正确答案：

Hello Tom,

I'm pretty excited to hear that you are going to pursue a postgraduate degree in economics in China. If you are still uncertain about which college to apply to, why not go to Renmin University of China (RUC)?

I recommend it mainly because of its academic reputation. Today, it is widely recognized for its strengths in the fields of humanities and social sciences.

The School of Economics often invites distinguished scholars at home and abroad to academic forums or seminars. You will definitely gain new insights into various economic issues by attending them as a student. Another striking feature of this university is its vibrant campus life, as evidenced by activities such as Fun Sports Games, school orienteering competitions and the annual International Culture Festival. You will find them all highly enjoyable. Moreover, RUC is conveniently situated close to bus stops and subway stations, so you can spend your spare time exploring the city of Beiing.

Of course, it's totally up to you. Let me know if you make a final decision. Anyway, welcome to China.

Yours,

Zhang Lei

本题解析：暂无解析

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