What's the starting point and destination of English course?
- A Knowledge impartation
- B Students' development
- C Language usage
- D Habit formation
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查英语课程内容。学生的发展是英语课程的出发点和归宿。故选B。
Cooperative learning emphasizes on and collective responsibility.
- A teachers' responsibility
- B individual responsibility
- C solely responsibility
- D team responsibility
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查合作性学习。合作性学习强调个人的责任感和集体的责任感。
Questioning plays an important role for the classroom teaching. Which of the following questions does not belong to comprehensive questions?
- A What is the main idea of this paragraph?
- B Can you tell the difference between the two terms?
- C Can you retell the text we have learned last week?
- D Can you paraphrase the sentence in your own words?
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查课堂提问类型。提问在课堂教学中发挥着重要的作用。课堂教学可以采用多种提问形式。题目中只有C项是回忆性提问，其他三项均是理解性提问。故选C。
After teaching sounds, a teacher makes a test that aims to find out which sounds students are not able to pronounce. This test belongs to_________.
- A aptitude test
- B proficiency test
- C achievement test
- D diagnostic test
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查教学评价。教了语音之后，教师做测试以便检查学生哪些音会发，哪些音不会发，这属于“diagnostic test(诊断性测验)”。aptitude test“能力倾向测验”，proficiency test“水平测试”，achievement test“成就测试”。
Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?
- A term
- B serve
- C very
- D stern
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查字母组合的发音。题干问哪个单词的画线部分和其他画线部分的读音不同。
It is said that the agreement __________ between the two companies last month will become effective from May 1st.
- A to sign
- B to be signed
- C signed
- D signing
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查时态语态。signed…month短语做后置定语修饰agreement。sign和agreement之间为动宾关系，因此用过去分词。句意为“据说上个月两家公司签订的协议将会在5月1日生效”。故选C。
Which of the following is a communicative activity?
- A Listening to the news report and talking about an event
- B Listening to the news report and filling in a form
- C Listening to the news report and writing the main idea
- D Transferring the information from the news report into a chart
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查交际活动。听新闻报道并谈论其中的一个事件，属于交际性活动，其他选项均不符合。
When a teacher makes a lesson plan, he should do all of the following EXCEPT_____________
- A design techniques that have easy and difficult aspects of items
- B try to design techniques that involve all students
- C take into consideration the different demands and needs of all students
- D cater only to the top range students to make sure the progress of teaching
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查教学设计。教师在进行教学设计时，应考虑到大多数学生的水平，并根据不同类型学生的特点设计出难易结合的教案．故选D。
What is the teacher doing by saying this in terms of instruction?
"Now, did the questions help you underst and the text better?"
- A Observing the activity
- B Evaluating the activity
- C Monitoring the activity
- D Controlling the activity
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查教学活动评价。教师问“这些问题帮你更好地理解文章了吗?”这是教师在对教学活动做评价。故选B。
A student has something in his mind and he should ignore the irrelevant parts and read to locate specific information when reading. Which of the following strategies can be used?
- A Skimming
- B Detailed reading
- C Scanning
- D Predicting
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查阅读策。寻读是一种快速阅读方式，其目的是从较长的文字资料中查寻特定的细节内容。
Which stage of the speaking lesson is the least controlled by teachers?
- A Presentation
- B Practice
- C Preparation
- D Production
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查教师角色与课堂管理。presentation→practice→pmduction，三个不同的阶段，从以教师讲授为主．到教师指导学生练习，到语言产出，教师对学生的控制力不断降低。故选D。
The relationship between "furniture" and "desk" is
- A hyponymy
- B antonymy
- C synonymy
- D homonymy
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查语义学中的涵义关系。“hyponymy”指“上下义关系”，“antonymy”指“反义关系”，synonymy指“同义关系”，“homonymy”指“同音／形异义”。“家具”和“桌子”的关系属于上下义关系。furniture是desk的上义词(superordinate)，desk是furniture的下义词(hyponym)。故选A。
Some teachers teach reading by introducing new vocabulary and structure first and thengoing over the text sentence by sentence and paragraph by paragraph with the students. This way is_________known as
- A top-down model
- B bottom-up model
- C interactive model
- D integrative model
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查阅读教学模式。就阅读教学的模式来说，主要有三种：自上而下的模式(top.Down model)，自下而上的模式(bottom-up model)和交互补偿模式(interactive model)。在自下而上的模式中，学生从字母.到单词.到句子，逐个进行解码从而理解全文。
The teacher __________ expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.
- A confidentially
- B proudly
- C assuredly
- D confidently
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查副词辨析。句意为“这位老师——期待他的学生们通过大学入学考试”。confidentially意为“机密地，保密地”，proudly意为“自豪地”，assuredly意为“无疑地，一定”，confidently意为“确信地，有把握地”。根据句意，老师应该是很有把握地期待，故选D。
A student finds it difficult to learn the English sounds [θ] and [e]. If you are the teacher,which of the following strategies can be used?
- A Explaining how to make the sounds
- B Using tongue twisters
- C Writing them on the blackboard
- D Making up sentences
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查语音教学。学生对两个英语发音混淆不清的时候，教师可以向学生解释如何正确发音。本来学生就不清楚如何发音，用绕口令更容易使他分辨不清。而把语音写在黑板上容易分散学生在“听”上的注意力。造句属于产出训练阶段的练习，也不适合此处情境。故选A。
Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets__________in transit.
- A misused
- B mishandled
- C mistaken
- D mislaid
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查动词辨析。misuse“错用，滥用”，mishandle“瞎弄，胡乱操作”，mislay“把……放错地方”，mistake“误会，误解”。句意为“贝蒂建议我把我们的行李认真地贴上标签以免运输中放错位置”。故选D。
Which of the following statements about meaningful practice is NOT true?
- A Meaningful practice aims at form accuracy
- B Meaningful practice focuses on the production and comprehension of meaning
- C There is no clear cut between mechanical and meaningful practice
- D Practice based on prompts is usually considered as meaningful practice
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查语法练习形式。语法练习包括机械型练习、意义型练习与交际型练习。机械型练习注重形式的准确性．意义型练习注重意义的产生、理解或互换．二者没有明显的分割。 以图画、图表、关键词等提示信息为基础的语法练习通常被看作是意义型练习。故选A。
Which of the following is the proper pronunciation of "his pen" as a result of assimilation?
- A 见图A
- B 见图B
- C 见图C
- D 见图D
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
The policeman ran after the man and __________ him by the arm.
- A stopped
- B reached
- C shot
- D caught
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查惯用搭配。catch sb bv the arnl为惯用搭配，意为“抓住某人的手臂”。
The police have offered a large __________ for information leading to the robber's arrest.
- A award
- B compensation
- C prize
- D reward
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
考查名词辨析。award意为“奖品，奖金”，compensation意为“补偿金”，prize意为“奖品，奖赏”，reward意为“报酬．赏金”。根据句意“为了得到任何有助于逮捕抢劫者的信息，警方开出了一大笔酬金”可知选D。
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,becauseof thesharpdifferencein appearance between them and their white counterparts.
The passage is mainly discussing__________.
查看材料
- A certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
- B certain factors that promote social change
- C the necessity of social change
- D two different societies
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
全文共三段，根据每段的第一句“Social change is more likely to occur in societies…”，“Within a society．social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in…”和“Furthermore，social change is easier if it is gradanl”可知，本文讲的不是哪些因素能推动社会变革，而是哪些因素使社会变革
更容易发生，因此选A。
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,becauseof thesharpdifferencein appearance between them and their white counterparts.
One of the factors that tend to promote social change is__________.
查看材料
- A joint interest
- B different points of view
- C less emotional people
- D advanced technology
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
根据第一段“The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things…There are more ideas…In addition．there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies．．．Allthesefactorstendto DrOBote social change"可知，有许多因素能推动社会变革，B项是其中一个因素。
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,becauseof thesharpdifferencein appearance between them and their white counterparts.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
查看材料
- A Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society
- B Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change
- C Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society
- D Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
根据第二段“social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspeels…in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early…in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites"可知A、C、D项都正确。由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状的不满可以加速而不是减慢社会变革，因此B项错误。故选B。
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,becauseof thesharpdifferencein appearance between them and their white counterparts.
The expression "greater tolerance" (Para. 1) refers to__________.
查看材料
- A greater willingness to accept social change
- B quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
- C more respect for different beliefs and behavior
- D greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,becauseof thesharpdifferencein appearance between them and their white counterparts.
Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because__________.
查看材料
- A people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessaryto change
- B people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
- C people there are easy to please
- D people there are less disputed
- 参考答案：A
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
由第一段最后一句“although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least customary and undisputed”可知答案为A．此选项是对原文的同义转述。
Passage 2
In Brazil, the debate over genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, affects mostly soybean production. Brazil is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers want to remain GM free.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified crops. Environmentalists and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered food. In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health, their fields and their business. "We are not saying that genetic engineering is, in principle, something bad; we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future," said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der Weld. "This is both for health and environmental reasons. The other question is on economics. What we think is that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs, we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have now. We are selling more to the international market, mostly for Europe and Asia, than we have done in our history, because we are not GMO contaminated."
Another opposition group, ActionAid, has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against legalization. ActionAid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain independent."When the small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals, which control intellectual property fights over these seeds," he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do, but that doesn't mean GM seeds should be banned. He says fears ove
- A contamination of the environment by genetically modified crops
- B Brazil's standing in the international market
- C the October presidential election
- D the legalization of genetically modified organisms
- 参考答案：D
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
本文介绍的是巴西的一些民间组织如何反对转基因作物。他们从转基因产品对环境的污染，对农户身体的损害，以及对巴西经济的影响出发，反对政府将转基因作物合法化。文章主要介绍的是Non—governmental organizations(NGOs)和 ActionAid两个组织。作者在文章末尾也介绍了一些其他的立场。例如巴西科学家Crodowaldo Pavan．他认为不能简单地将转基因作物全盘否定．
Passage 2
In Brazil, the debate over genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, affects mostly soybean production. Brazil is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers want to remain GM free.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified crops. Environmentalists and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered food. In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health, their fields and their business. "We are not saying that genetic engineering is, in principle, something bad; we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future," said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der Weld. "This is both for health and environmental reasons. The other question is on economics. What we think is that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs, we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have now. We are selling more to the international market, mostly for Europe and Asia, than we have done in our history, because we are not GMO contaminated."
Another opposition group, ActionAid, has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against legalization. ActionAid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain independent."When the small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals, which control intellectual property fights over these seeds," he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do, but that doesn't mean GM seeds should be banned. He says fears ove
- A largest
- B second largest
- C third largest
- D fourth largest
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
根据文章第一段第二句“Brazil is the world’s second largest produeer of sovbeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina．”可知巴西为世界上第二大大豆生产国．仅次于美国，位居阿根廷之前。故选B。
Passage 2
In Brazil, the debate over genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, affects mostly soybean production. Brazil is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers want to remain GM free.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified crops. Environmentalists and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered food. In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health, their fields and their business. "We are not saying that genetic engineering is, in principle, something bad; we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future," said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der Weld. "This is both for health and environmental reasons. The other question is on economics. What we think is that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs, we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have now. We are selling more to the international market, mostly for Europe and Asia, than we have done in our history, because we are not GMO contaminated."
Another opposition group, ActionAid, has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against legalization. ActionAid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain independent."When the small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals, which control intellectual property fights over these seeds," he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do, but that doesn't mean GM seeds should be banned. He says fears ove
- A They believe genetically modified crops will harm the farmers' health
- B They believe genetic engineering is altogether a bad practice
- C They believe scientific methods should be introduced to ensure GM brings no harm
- D They believe GMOs will harm Brazil economically
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
文章第二段介绍的是NGO的立场。作者引用NGO负责人Jean—Marc yon der Weid的话，“We ave not saying that genetic engineering is，in principle，something bad；we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future”“This is both for health and environmental reasons”我们并不是说转基因工程不好；我们的立场是，需要用科学方法来确保它不会在将来对环境造成危害。这主要是出于对环境和健康的考虑。四个选项中只有B项不符合NGO的立场。
Passage 2
In Brazil, the debate over genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, affects mostly soybean production. Brazil is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers want to remain GM free.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified crops. Environmentalists and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered food. In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health, their fields and their business. "We are not saying that genetic engineering is, in principle, something bad; we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future," said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der Weld. "This is both for health and environmental reasons. The other question is on economics. What we think is that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs, we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have now. We are selling more to the international market, mostly for Europe and Asia, than we have done in our history, because we are not GMO contaminated."
Another opposition group, ActionAid, has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against legalization. ActionAid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain independent."When the small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals, which control intellectual property fights over these seeds," he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do, but that doesn't mean GM seeds should be banned. He says fears ove
- A They encourage the farmers to produce genetically modified products
- B They encourage the farmers to depend on themselves for seeds
- C They strongly support the legalization of genetically modified products
- D They encourage the farmers to upgrade their farms to bigger ones
- 参考答案：B
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
文章第三段介绍的是另一个反对组织ActionAid．它也同样反对将转基因作物合法化。它号召巴西的农户不要依靠跨国公司作为种子的来源，否则就会被牢牢地控制住．失去自主权。
Passage 2
In Brazil, the debate over genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, affects mostly soybean production. Brazil is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers want to remain GM free.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified crops. Environmentalists and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered food. In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health, their fields and their business. "We are not saying that genetic engineering is, in principle, something bad; we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm in the future," said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der Weld. "This is both for health and environmental reasons. The other question is on economics. What we think is that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs, we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have now. We are selling more to the international market, mostly for Europe and Asia, than we have done in our history, because we are not GMO contaminated."
Another opposition group, ActionAid, has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against legalization. ActionAid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain independent."When the small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals, which control intellectual property fights over these seeds," he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do, but that doesn't mean GM seeds should be banned. He says fears ove
- A Genetically modified seeds should be banned
- B Brazil government should crack down on the smuggling of genetically modified seeds
- C The fear over the use of genetically modified seeds is uncalled for
- D Consumers should file more law suits to protect their rights
- 参考答案：C
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
根据文章第四段前两句“Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do，but that doesn’t mean GM seeds should be banned．He says fears over their usage are unfounded．”可知巴西科学家Crodowaldo Pavan认为应该对跨国公司实行一定的监督．但是不能对转基因作物全盘否定。他说．担心转基因作物的危害是没有根据的。这和C项的叙述相符合。
为什么说交互的阅读教学模式是比较科学的阅读教学模式?
- 参考答案：
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
阅读教学模式主要有三种：“自上而下”、“自下而上”、交互的阅读教学模式。
“自上而下”的模式主张在阅读教学中重视背景知识的导入．同样帮助学生学会运用自己的知识(事实和社会文化方面的知识、有关阅读材料话题的知识、文章结构组织的知识、上下文情景的知识等)对文章的下文进行预测，然后阅读、检验、修订自己的预测、进行新的预测。这一观点突出体现的是“读前活动”的开展。阅读前的大部分工作是激发学生的知识库和对文章内容进行预测。
与“自上而下”的模式不同．“自下而上”的模式认为读者对材料的理解是从比较小的语言文字单位到比较大的单位，从低层到高层一步步进行的。读者从字母、到单词．到句子，逐个进行解码从而理解全文。该模式在阅读教学中比较看重词汇教学．包括读前讲授单词和阅读过程中词语用法的分析。但此模式培养的学生往往习惯于始于解码且止于解码的分析性阅读，缺乏高层次的理解。
交互的阅读教学模式是以上两种模式的结合。它既强调背景知识、上下文预测的重要性，又不忽视单词、短语的解码能力．同时关注阅读过程中的视觉信息和非视觉信息。所以说交互的阅读教学模式是比较科学的阅读教学模式。
下面是某教师的课堂教学片段：
T: What did your mum do yesterday, Wang Lin?
S: My mum buyed the dress for me.
T: Oh, that is nice. Your mum bought it for you, did she?
S: Yes.
T: Where did she buy it?
S: She buyed it in town.
T: Oh, she bought it in town for you. Well, it is very nice.
请根据所给材料回答下列三个问题。
(1)学生在对话中的语言错误是什么?(6分)
(2)该教师采用什么方式来纠正学生的错误?效果如何?(12分)
(3)教师还可以采用哪些方式纠错?请举例说明。(12分)
- 参考答案：
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
(1)该学生犯了13语语法错误，用错了动词过去式的形式。即My mum buyed the dress for me．buyed→bought，She buyed it in town．buyed→bought。
(2)该教师采用了重述法(Recasts)来纠正学生的错误。教师对学生语言表达中的错误进行了含蓄纠正。即先进行部分肯定之后用正确的语言重述学生的表达，不指出错误，而通过不同的语气(如反问)、语调、眼神、动作等，让学生自己意识到自己的错误。此纠错技巧对于纠正学生口语中的语法错误比较有效。
(3)①直接纠错法(Explicit Correction)
当学生出现语言错误时，教师打断语言训练或实践活动，对其错误予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式。并让学生改正)。这种纠错方式常用于旨在让学生掌握正确的语言形式而进行的机械操练或侧重语言精确输出的各种练习中。教师可用以下课堂用语：You should say…／No，you shouldn’t say that…／Read after me．／Pay attention
to…／Oh，you mean…，We don’t say…in English，we say…等，例如：
T：What did you do last night
S：I go to see a movie with my parents．
T：Oh．You should say“I went to see a movie with my parents”．
S：Oh．sorry．1 went to see a movie with my parents．
②强调纠错法(Pinpointing)
教师重复学生的话．有意重读并拖长出错部分的发音或用升调以表示特别强调。这种方法常用于学生的自我纠错。这样既能纠正学生的口语错误，保证学生顺利进行口头叙述，又能顾及学生的自尊心，促进他们参与口语活动的积极性。例如：
T：Where did you go on vacation this summer
S：I go to Hong Kong for my vacation．
T：You go to Hong Kong
S：Oh．1 went to Hong Kong for my vacation．
③重复纠错法(Repetition)
教师发现学生的语言错误后，可以要求学生重新回答，并使用“Once more．／Pardon ／Repeat please．"等对学生加以引导。例如：
S：Xiao Liu is watch TV．
T：He is watch TV Pardon
S：Xiao Liu is watching TV．
T：Right!Go on please．
教师在纠正学生的口语错误时，不应仅限于一种纠错方法。在选择纠错的方式上，应综合考虑教学效果，学习者的语言水平、性格特点以及情感因素，做到多种纠错方法灵活运用。除以上几种方法外，还有追问法、等待法、反馈法等多种纠错法。
总之．在英语课堂上教师应对学生口语错误的严重程度以及产生错误的原因认真进行分析，充分把握好纠错的时机，采取灵活多样的纠错策，帮助学生克服因出现错误而造成的语言障碍，发展自我纠错能力，提高口语水平。
设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节英语听说课教学方案。
教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
teaching objectives
teaching contents
key and difficult points
major steps and time allocation
activities and justifications
教学时间：45分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。
语言素材：
Alone in Antarctica
At 50 I was the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. But what should I do to celebrate my 60th birthday? What else, but a journey at the opposite end of the world, Antarctica. I began my almost 400-mile journey on November 1st, 1997. I walked and skied alone. My dog team were not with me to pull my sled. Another journey of challenge and danger was about to begin.
The first days the weather was very good. The wind was icy but not very strong and there was bright sunshine 24 hours a day. But changes were just around the comer. On the third day I was struggling through stormy weather and during the next week the wind grew stronger and I found myself spending a whole day in my tent.
I had travelled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong. Within a few minutes the winds increased to a howling storm that threatened to blow me and my tent away, but none of that happened.
On November 12th the storm died down. It was my birthday and I wanted to make that day special. I thawed a frozen cake over my fire, placed a candle on the top, lit it and sang "happy birthday" to me, at the top of my voice.
A few days later, I was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my worht dropped out from under my skis. I had fallen into a hole and was hanging on the ropes tied to the sled. A piece of ice fell down and I never heard it land. The bottom was a few hundred feet below. I used to practice self rescue many times in the mountains where I live and carefully began climbing out. It took a long time
- 参考答案：
- 您的答案：
参考解析：
Class Type: Listening and speaking class, 1 period
Teaching Contents: A passage about a famous women--Helen Thayer's journey at the South Pole.
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objective
Students can learn how to describe people in English by using some words and expressions, such as "challenge,optimistic, around the concern, make a decision, give up"..
(2) Ability objective
Students can develop abilities of listening for specific information and gist and speaking.
(3) Emotional objective
Students can develop the spirit of hard work.
Teaching Key and Difficult Points:
How to use some useful words and expressions to describe a person in English.
Teaching Aids:
A tape and a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming-up (5 minutes)
T: People often admire great persons, especially great women. Why It is often said that life is difficult as it is,
For women it sometimes seems twice as difficult. That is, it is more difficuh for women to become famous or get jobs in high positions.
(1) Ask the students to look at the pictures of four great women on the computer screen and talk about who they are.
(2) Divide the students into small groups to discuss what they know about the four great women.
(Justification: Attract students' interest to learn this lesson.)
Step 2 Listening (10 minutes)
(1) Listen to the text and fill in the form that is shown on the screen.
(2) Listen to the tape again and do true-or-false exercise.
①The author was the first women to travel alone to the North Pole.（ ）
②There was bright sunshine 24 hours a day in Antarctica.（ ）
③ November 13th is the author's birthday. （ ）
④ The author had an accident and hurt herself. （ ）
⑤The author gave up her travel at last.
Answers: T T F T F
(Justification: Focus students' attention on the passage. Filling-in and true-or-false exercises can train students' listening skills, which include listening for gist and specific information.)
Step 3 Speaking (15 minutes)
Shows students some pictures about great women and give them some examples to describe what kind of people they are by using the given words and useful expressions that the teacher given.
T: Look at Picture 1. The picture is Madame Curie. Then I can describe her like this: Madame Curie is one of the greatest scientists in the world and will always be remembered as the discoverer of radium ...
Then guide students to practice describing a person.
(Justification: Pictures can help to build the language situation, which can attract students' attention. In the process of describing a person, students can know how to describe people correctly and develop their speaking ability.)
Step 4 Group work (9 minutes)
(1) Ask students to work in groups and play a game of question-and-answer only by answenngyesorno .
(2) Ask students to talk about a great woman they admire and explain the reasons.
(Justification: Group work can not only consolidate the new knowledge students have learned, but also develop their cooperation and communication skills.)
Step 5 Summary and Homework (6 minutes)
Summary:
(1) When listening a text, we should grasp the main ideas quickly and accurately.
(2) Practice makes perfect. We should practice speaking on describing a people as much as possible.
(3) Rome was not built in a day. We have a long way to go before we become a great man or woman. So we should study hard to be what we want to be.
Homework:
(1) Listen to the tape and read the text aloud.
(2) Write a great woman you admire and share it with your partner next class.
(Justification: Make a conclusion and check out whether the students achieve the teaching objectives. Homework can improve students' listening, speaking and writing skills.)
Blackboard Design:
Alone in Antarctica
Listening:
Speaking:
Group work:
Teaching Reflection.
