单选题 (一共75题,共75分)

1.

以下关于SRAM(静态随机存储器)和DRAM(动态随机存储器)的说法中,正确的是( )。

2.

计算机系统中,虚拟存储体系由( )两级存储器构成。

3.

以下关于需求陈述的描述中,() 是不正确的。

4.

The data( )includes the function of updating data on a database, and retrieving data from a database.

5.

软件产品的Alpha测试和Beta测试属于( )。

6.

在计算机中,I/O系统可以有5种不同的工作方式,分别是程序控制方式(包括无条件传送与程序查询方式)、程序中断方式、DMA工作方式、通道方式、I/O处理机。(请作答此空)方式I/O端口总是准备好接受主机的输出数据,或是总是准备好向主机输入数据,并且只适用于简单的I/O控制。( )允许主存储器和I/O设备之间通过某种控制器直接进行批量数据交换,除了在数据传输开始和结束时,整个过程无须CPU的干预。 ( )在一定的硬件基础上利用软件手段实现对I/O的控制和传送,更多地免去了cpu的接入。( )指专门负责输入/输出的处理机。可以有独立的存储器、运算部件和指令控制部件。上述工作方式中,()工作方式CPU与I/O设备是串行工作的。

7.

计算机系统的性能一般包括两个大的方面。一个方面是它的( ),也就是计算机系统能正常工作的时间,其指标可以是能够持续工作的时间长度,也可以是在一段时间内,能正常工作的时间所占的百分比。

8.

下面表述不正确的是( )。

9.

主存与Cache的地址映射方式中,( )方式可以实现主存任意一块装入 Cache 中任意位置,只有装满才需要替换。

10.

下列关于敏捷方法的叙述,错误的是( )。

11.

在uml2.0中,(请作答此空) 描述结构化类(例如,构件或类)的内部结构,包括结构化类与系统其余部分的交互点,用于画出结构化类的内部内容。( )强调消息跨越不同对象或参与者的实际时问,而不仅仅只是关心消息的相对顺序。( )通常与其他图一起使用,包括文件、数据库和类似的物理比特集合。交互概览图是( )和( )的混合物。

12.

某软件项目的活动图如下图所示,其中顶点表示项目里程碑,连接顶点的边表示包含的活 动,边上的数字表示活动的持续时间(天),则完成该项目的最少时间为()天。

中级网络工程师,章节练习,案例分析

13.

某软件公司参与开发管理系统软件的程序员张某,辞职到另一公司任职,于是该项目负责人将该管理系统软件上开发者的署名更改为李某(接张某工作)。该项目负责人的行为( )。

14.

( )图像通过使用彩色查找表来获得图像颜色。

15.

以下关于计算机系统中高速缓存(Cache)的说法中,正确的是( )。

16.

中央处理单元(CPU)不包括( )。

17.

在程序执行过程中,Cache与主存的地址映像由( )。

18.

已知函数f()、g()的定义如下所示,执行表达式”x=f(5)”的运算时,若函数调用g(a)是引用调用(call by reference)方式,则执行”x=f(5)”后x的值为 (请作答此空) ;若函数调用g(a)是值调用(call by value)方式,则执行”x=f(5)”后x的值为 () 。

中级软件设计师,章节练习,计算机基础

19.

已知函数f()、g()的定义如下所示,执行表达式”x=f(5)”的运算时,若函数调用g(a)是引用调用(call by reference)方式,则执行”x=f(5)”后x的值为 () ;若函数调用g(a)是值调用(call by value)方式,则执行”x=f(5)”后x的值为 (请作答此空) 。

中级软件设计师,章节练习,计算机基础

20.

程序设计语言一般可划分为低级语言和高级语言两大类,与高级语言相比,用低级语言开发的程序具有( )等特点。

21.

下图所示为一个不确定有限自动机(NFA)的状态转换图。该NFA不可识别字符串( )。

中级软件设计师,章节练习,计算机基础

22.

在传值调用方式下进行函数调用是将() 。

23.

以下关于CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computer,复杂指令集计算机)和RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer,精简指令集计算机)的叙述中,错误的是()。

24.

当前主流的多核计算机属于( )计算机。

25.

cache 存储器一般采用 ( ) 存储器件构成。

26.

假设某文件系统的文件索引表有 i-addr[0] , i-addr[1] , ... , i-addr[7] 共8 个地址项,每个地址项大小为4字节,其中5个地址项 ( i-addr[0]~i-addr[4] ) 为直接地址索引, 2个地址项 (i-addr[5]~i-addr[6]) 是 一 级间接地址索引1个地址项 (i-addr[7] ) 是二级间接地址索引,磁盘索引块和磁盘数据块大小均为1KB 。若要访问文件的逻辑块号分别为5和518 ,则系统应分别采用( ) 。

27.

某系统磁盘数据块的大小为 1024KB,系绕磁盘管理采用索引文件结构,每个索引指针占用 4 个字节。一个索引文件的索引节点有 8 个直接块地址、1 个一级间接块地址、1 个二级间接块地址和 1 个三级间接块地址。假设索引节点已经在内存中,那么访问该文件偏移地址 9089 字节的数据需要再访问( )次磁盘。

28.

Flynn 分类法根据计算机在执行程序的过程中( )的不同组合,将计算机分为 4 类。

29.

在 ISO 制定并发布的 MPEG 系列标准中,( )的音、视频压缩编码技术被应用到 VCD 中

30.

在 ISO 制定并发布的 MPEG 系列标准中,( )标准中的音、视频压缩编码技术被应用到 DVD 中

31.

程序运行过程中常使用参数在函数(过程)间传递消息,引用调用传递的是实参的( )。

32.

System analysis is traditionally done top-down using structured analysis based on (请作答此选项)Object-oriented analysis focuses on creation of models. The three types of the analysis model are ( )There are two substages of object-oriented analysis. ( ) focuses on real-world things whose semantics the application captures. The object constructed in the requirement analysis shows the( ) of the real-world system and organizes it into workable pieces.( ) addresses the computer aspects of the application that are visible to users. The objects are those which can be expected to vary from time to time quite rapidly.

33.

System analysis is traditionally done top-down using structured analysis based on Object-oriented analysis focuses on creation of models. The three types of the analysis model are (请作答此选项)There are two substages of object-oriented analysis. ( ) focuses on real-world things whose semantics the application captures. The object constructed in the requirement analysis shows the( ) of the real-world system and organizes it into workable pieces. ( ) addresses the computer aspects of the application that are visible to users. The objects are those which can be expected to vary from time to time quite rapidly.

34.

System analysis is traditionally done top-down using structured analysis based on ( )Object-oriented analysis focuses on creation of models. The three types of the analysis model are ( )There are two substages of object-oriented analysis. ( )focuses on real-world things whose semantics the application captures. The object constructed in the requirement analysis shows the (请作答该选项) of the real-world system and organizes it into workable pieces. ( )addresses the computer aspects of the application that are visible to users. The objects are those which can be expected to vary from time to time quite rapidly.

35.

利用海明码( Hamming Code )纠正单位错,如果有6位信息位,则需要加入( )位冗余位。

36.

将高级语言源程序翻译为可在计算机上执行的形式有多种不同的方式,其中( )。

37.

目前的小型和微型计算机系统中普遍采用的字母与字符编码是( )。

38.

设有一个64K×32位的存储器(每个存储单元为32位),其存储单元的地址宽度为( )。

39.

循环链表的主要优点是( )。

40.

下列光盘格式中,不能多次擦除重写数据的是( )。

41.

下面关于计算机Cache的论述中,正确的是 ( ) 。

42.

某指令流水线由4段组成,各段所需要的时间如下图所示。连续输入8条指令时的吞吐率(单位时间内流水线所完成的任务数或输出的结果数)为()。

中级软件设计师,章节练习,计算机基础

43.

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modern systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ( )for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team (请作答此空), and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the ( )of the engineering.Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward ( ). However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.A team is ( )just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known, but they are not obvious.

44.

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modern systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ( )for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team ( ), and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the (请作答此空)of the engineering.Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward ( ). However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.A team is ( )just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known, but they are not obvious.

45.

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modern systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ( )for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team ( ), and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the ( )of the engineering.Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward (请作答此空). However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.A team is ( )just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known, but they are not obvious.

46.

以下说法错误的是( )。

47.

在对软件系统进行评价时,需要从信息系统的组成部分、评价对象和经济学角度出发进行综合考虑以建立起一套指标体系理论架构。从信息系统评价对象出发,对于用户方来说,他们所关心的是()。

48.

()是系统分析阶段结束后得到的工作产品。

49.

()是系统测试阶段完成后的工作产品。

50.

在软件开发过程中进行风险分析时,()活动目的是辅助项目组建立处理风险的策略,有效的策略应考虑风险避免、风险监控、风险管理及意外事件计划。

51.

项目管理工具用来辅助项目经理实施软件开发过程中的项目管理活动,它不能( )。( 请作答此空)就是一种典型的项目管理工具。

52.

(请作答此空)是系统分析阶段结束后得到的工作产品,( )是系统测试阶段完成后的工作产品。

53.

软件开发模型用于指导软件开发。演化模型是在快速开发一个 ( ) 的基础上,逐步演化成最终的软件。螺旋模型综合了 ( ) 的优点,并增加了 ( ) 。喷泉模型描述的是面向 (请作答此空) 的开发过程,反映了该开发过程的 ( ) 特征。

54.

在开发一个字处理软件时,首先快速发布了一个提供基本文件管理、编辑和文档生成功能的版本,接着发布提供更完善的编辑和文档生成功能的版本,最后发布提供拼写和语法检查功能的版本,这里采用了( )过程模型。

55.

包含8个成员的开发小组的沟通路径最多有()条。

56.

下列关于项目估算方法的叙述不正确的是()。

57.

业务用例和参与者一起描述(),而业务对象模型描述()。

58.

业务对象模型描述()。

59.

在对于现有系统进行分析时,( )方法是错误的。

60.

以下关于敏捷开发原则的叙述中,错误的是( )。

61.

软件开发模型用于指导软件开发。演化模型是在快速开发一个 (请作答此空) 的基础上,逐步演化成最终的软件。螺旋模型综合了 ( ) 的优点,并增加了 ( ) 。喷泉模型描述的是面向 ( ) 的开发过程,反映了该开发过程的 ( ) 特征。

62.

软件开发模型用于指导软件开发。演化模型是在快速开发一个 ( ) 的基础上,逐步演化成最终的软件。螺旋模型综合了 ( ) 的优点,并增加了 ( ) 。喷泉模型描述的是面向 ( ) 的开发过程,反映了该开发过程的 (请作答此空) 特征。

63.

对于逻辑表达式((a&&b)||c),需要( )个测试用例才能完成条件组合覆盖。

64.

The main reason we tend to focus on the(请作答此空)rather than the human side of work is not because it’s more( ),but because it’s easier to do.Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figurine out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧)or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company aver only a few months.Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的)and clean in their effects,but they matter more than any other aspect of the work.

If you find yourself concentrating on the( )rather than the( ).you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物)who loses his Keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because,as he explains,“The light is better there!”

65.

The main reason we tend to focus on the( )rather than the human side of work is not because it’s more( ),but because it’s easier to do.Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figurine out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧)or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company aver only a few months.Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的)and clean in their effects,but they matter more than any other aspect of the work.

If you find yourself concentrating on the(请作答此空)rather than the( ).you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物)who loses his Keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because,as he explains,“The light is better there!”

66.

Why Have Formal Documents?Finally, writing the decisions down is essential. Only when one writes do the gaps appear and the ( ) protrude(突出). The act of writing turns out to require hundreds of mini-decisions, and it is the existence of these that distinguishes clear, exact policies from fuzzy ones.Second, the documents will communicate the decisions to others. The manager will be continually amazed that policies he took for common knowledge are totally unknown by some member of his team. Since his fundamental job is to keep everybody going in the (请作答此空) direction, his chief daily task will be communication, not decision-making, and his documents will immensely ( ) this load.Finally, a manager’s documents give him a data base and checklist. By reviewing them ( ) he sees where he is, and he sees what changes of emphasis or shifts in direction are needed.The task of the manager is to develop a plan and then to realize it. But only the written plan is precise and communicable. Such a plan consists of documents on what, when, how much, where, and who. This small set of critical documents ( ) much of the manager’s work. If their comprehensive and critical nature is recognized in the beginning, the manager can approach them as friendly tools rather than annoying busywork. He will set his direction much more crisply and quickly by doing so..

67.

编译器和解释器是两种基本的高级语言处理程序。编译器对高级语言源程序的处理过程可以划分为词法分析、语法分析、语义分析、中间代码生成、代码优化、目标代码生成等阶段,其中,( )并不是每个编译器都必需的,与编译器相比,解释器( )。中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

68.

已知函数f( )、g( )的定义如下所示,调用函数f时传递给形参x的值是5。若g(a)采用引用调用(callbyreference)方式传递参数,则函数f的返回值为(请作答此空);若g(a)采用值调用(callbyvalue)的方式传递参数,则函数f的返回值( )。其中,表达式“x>>1”的含义是将x的值右移1位,相当于x除以2。

中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

69.

敏捷开发强调以人为本,与用户紧密协作,面对面沟通,尽早发布增量,小而自主的开发团队,实现敏捷开发有多种方式,( )的开发人员分类。分为指挥者(首席程序员)、类程序员。

70.

某软件项目的活动图如下图所示,其中顶点表示项目里程碑,连接顶点的边表示包含的活动,边上的数字表示活动的持续时间(天),。活动BD和HK最早可以从第( )天开始。(活动AB、AE和AC最早从第0天开始)中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

71.

中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

72.

对下图所示的程序流程图进行语句覆盖测试和路径覆盖测试,采用McCabe度量法计算其环路复杂度为( )。中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

73.

中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2

74.

记录文件有顺序文件、索引顺序文件、索引文件和直接文件。( )记录定长,记录中的数据项的类型长度与次序固定。

75.

假设文件系统采用索引节点管理,且索引节点有8个地址项iaddr[0]~iaddr[7],每个地址项大小为4B,iaddr[0]~iaddr[4]采用直接地址索引,iaddr[5]和iaddr[6]采用一级间接地址索引,iaddr[7]采用二级间接地址索引。假设磁盘索引块和磁盘数据块大小均为1KB字节,文件File1的索引节点如下图所示。若用户访问文件File1中逻辑块号为5和261的信息,101号物理块存放的是( )

中级软件设计师,模拟考试,2021年软件设计师模拟题2