I've tried very" hard to improve my English. But by no means__________with my progress.

The local authorities realized the need to make?for elderly people in their housing programmes.

The biggest whale is ______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _______ 9-story building.

Letterboxes are much more _______ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.

An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.

___of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.

My MP4 player isn’t in my bag.Where?I have put it?

Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it shopping and eating.

This machine________. It hasn’t worked for years.

At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.

Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.

It is none of your business?other people think about you. Believe yourself.

—It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.

—That’s right. __________.

Which of the following is an example of blending?

“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood. And sorry I could not travel both. And be one traveler, long I stood”comes from the work of _______.

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.

空白处选择

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.

I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.

It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.

Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.

The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.

It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.

What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.

I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.

It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.

Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.

The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.

It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.

The author decided to write a novel ______ .

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.

I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.

It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.

Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.

The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.

It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.

How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.

I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.

It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.

Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.

The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.

It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.

What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?

We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.

In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.

By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.

The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.

What do we learn from the first paragraph about the relationship between growth and development?

We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.

In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.

By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.

The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.

Before the 1970s, most development policies were based on theory that economic growth would benefit .

We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.

In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.

By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.

The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.

According to the study by the World Bank in 1974, economic growth in some backward countries brought .

We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.

In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.

By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.

The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.

If the passage continues, what would the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph?

First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo

First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo

First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo

First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo

The science of happiness offers two explanations for the paradox.

Capitalism, it notes, is adept at turning luxuries into necessities—bringing to the masses what the elites have always enjoyed.

But the flip side of this genius is that people come to take for granted things they once coveted from afar.

Frills they never thought they could have become essentials that they cannot do without.

People are stuck on a treadmill: as they achieve a better standard of living, they become injured to its pleasures.

近年来，关于大学应该为学生的体育活动还是为大学图书馆投入相同的金钱这一问题引起了广泛的讨论。那么，对此，你持何种意见呢？请以此写一篇150字左右的作文，要求观点明确，表达有逻辑、条理。

请以下列材料为依据，用英文进行一个课时的教学设计，包括教学目标和教学过程，设计意图可使用中文。

教学材料：

下面是一篇小学词汇教学材料及其教学过程设计，请用中文从教师角色、活动设计等方面进行简要评述。

教学材料：

教学片断：

Step1: Warming-up

Let’s sing a song what would you like.

T: It’s time for lunch, I’m ready for lunch, what would you like?

S: I’d like some beef /rice/noodles/……..

(设计意图：从歌中复习已学食物的单词，轻快的旋律营造轻松愉快的学习氛围)

Step3: Presentation

1．导入学习单词：spoon.

T: The foods are delicious, and I want eat them. First, I want drink some soup, but how can I drink it? Can you tell me?

S: Spoon.

T: Yeah. Ok, please read after me [spu:n]

老师出示勺子实物，带读单词spoon，随即出示带该实物图片的单词卡片，教给学生单词发音，注意[u:]的发音。读几遍后检查学生掌握的情况，点名读该单词，在读的过程中注意纠正学生的发音。接下来，全班同学再读几遍该单词，并一起拼读该单词。最后将单词卡片粘贴在黑板上。

（在读单词的过程中，正音的同时要多给予学生以表扬和鼓励）

T：Now, I’m in trouble, I want to use the spoon to drink the soup, but I don’t know which is spoon, can you help me find out which is spoon.

老师说着help me，端着装有勺子，筷子，小刀，盘子，叉子的托盘，走到学生中去，示意学生选上勺子，挑出后，老师念单词help，请学生说说help是什么意思，随后出示单词help，带读几遍后出示句型can I help?，再带读此句型。此时，教师再托着实物，走到学生中去，引导学生说句子：Can I help? 教师回答：Yes, pass me a spoon, please. 此时出单词pass，带读几遍后出示句子：Yes, pass me a plate, please. 带读该句子。读完后将卡片粘贴在黑板上，再一次托起实物操练句型：Can I help? Yes, pass me a spoon, please.

（设计意图：能够自然过渡到新单词，新句型的学习，使前后连接自然）

2. 学习单词fork

师举起实物叉子问: what’s this? 生答: fork. 教师带读单词,而后让学生分组读,小组开火车读,正音,再让学生拼读.接下来教师托着实物走到学生中去,操练句子Can I help? Yes, pass me a fork, please.

3. 4. 5. 学习单词plate, chopsticks, knife,与学习单词fork的方法一样,变换一下读单词的方法比如：小声到大声，我小声你大声，你大声我小声。

6. 让学生打开书，播放磁带让学生跟读单词几遍。

(设计意图：一边学单词，一边用实物来帮助学生来理解单词的中文意思，这样让学生能够更容易理解与记忆单词)

Step 4: game

（预设：让学生在游戏中进一步掌握单词，在快乐中学习英语单词，学会说英语）

Game 1: 抢读单词，老师来指，学生来读，看谁读得又快又对。读得好的一组加面小红旗。

Game 2: 看嘴形猜单词。老师不发出声音，只做出口形，让学生猜老师说的是什么单词，表现好的一组加上小红旗。

Game 3: Simon says 若是老师说了Simon says再读单词学生就要跟读，如果老师没说Simon says就读了单词，学生就不要跟读，表现好的加一面小红旗。

Game 4: 学生拿出已经准备好了的关于单词的图