Walnut trees __________ environment stresses such as drought by producing significant amountsof a substance similar to aspirin.

John felt great __________ about his upcoming trip to Sidney; indeed, he could hardly contain hisenthusiasm.

The professor′s classroom manner was quite__________，never revealing the warmth andplayfulness she showed in private.

Again as __________ in this experiment, he didn′ t lose heart.

Taiwan lies _________ the east of Fujian and is larger than _________ island in China.

Johnson is a man of great experience, _________ much can be learned.

Which of the following shows the correct sentence stress in normal cases

The phrase "_________" exemplifies the incomplete plosion at the junction of words.

The synonymous pair "_________" differ in degree of formality.

When using the imperative "Turn it off" to give an order, the speaker highlights the _________of the utterance.

Fluent and appropriate language use requires knowledge of_________ and this suggests thatwe should teach lexical chunks rather than single words.

"Underlining all the past form verbs in the dialogue" is a typical exercise focusing on_________.

Which of the following activities may be more appropriate to help students practice a newstructure immediately after presentation in class

When teaching students how to give appropriate responses to a congratulation or an apology,the teacher is probably teaching at _________.

Which of the following activities can help develop the skill of listening for gist

When an EFL teacher asks his student "How do you know that the author liked the placesince he did not tell us explicitly", he/she is helping students to reach _________ comprehension.

Which of the following types of questions are mostly used for checking literal comprehensionof the test

Which of the following is a typical feature of informal writing

Peer-editing during class is an important step of the _________ approach to teaching writing.

Portfolios, daily reports and speech delivering are typical means of _________.

Passage 1

Sante re, New Mexico multimillionaire Fortest Fenn has always loved a good adventure. As asmall child before eight, he and his brother, Skippy spent summer vacations making exploration inYellowstone National Park.

As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World War II fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latteremulated his hero during The Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico and settledthere as an arts and antiques dealer, hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, war memorabilia, andother antique to sell.

In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. As he had always been doing, heconceived a grand adventured that he assumed would be his last one. "I wanted to create someexcitement, some hope, before I died," says Fenn,82, adding that he also wanted to "get kids out ofthe game room and offthe couch." With those ideas in his mind, he started to devise a treasure hunt.

Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric braceletsand other valuable things. When his cancer went into remission in 1993, he decided he would carryout his plan anyway.

In 2010, Fenn topped offthe chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deepin the Rocky Mountains, north of Sante Fe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for his self-publishedmemoir, The Thrill of the Chase. It contained nine clues about the treasure box′ s whereabouts. Onestanza reads like this: Begin it where warm waters halt/And take it in the canyon down/Not far, buttoo far to walk/Put in below the home of Brown.

A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fenn hasreceived thousands of e-mails from treasure hunters. Some request more clues to the box. But mostly "people thanked me for bringing their family together," he says with a self-comforting smile on hisface.

In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad

Passage 1

Sante re, New Mexico multimillionaire Fortest Fenn has always loved a good adventure. As asmall child before eight, he and his brother, Skippy spent summer vacations making exploration inYellowstone National Park.

As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World War II fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latteremulated his hero during The Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico and settledthere as an arts and antiques dealer, hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, war memorabilia, andother antique to sell.

In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. As he had always been doing, heconceived a grand adventured that he assumed would be his last one. "I wanted to create someexcitement, some hope, before I died," says Fenn,82, adding that he also wanted to "get kids out ofthe game room and offthe couch." With those ideas in his mind, he started to devise a treasure hunt.

Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric braceletsand other valuable things. When his cancer went into remission in 1993, he decided he would carryout his plan anyway.

In 2010, Fenn topped offthe chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deepin the Rocky Mountains, north of Sante Fe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for his self-publishedmemoir, The Thrill of the Chase. It contained nine clues about the treasure box′ s whereabouts. Onestanza reads like this: Begin it where warm waters halt/And take it in the canyon down/Not far, buttoo far to walk/Put in below the home of Brown.

A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fenn hasreceived thousands of e-mails from treasure hunters. Some request more clues to the box. But mostly "people thanked me for bringing their family together," he says with a self-comforting smile on hisface.

In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad

Passage 1

Sante re, New Mexico multimillionaire Fortest Fenn has always loved a good adventure. As asmall child before eight, he and his brother, Skippy spent summer vacations making exploration inYellowstone National Park.

As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World War II fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latteremulated his hero during The Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico and settledthere as an arts and antiques dealer, hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, war memorabilia, andother antique to sell.

In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. As he had always been doing, heconceived a grand adventured that he assumed would be his last one. "I wanted to create someexcitement, some hope, before I died," says Fenn,82, adding that he also wanted to "get kids out ofthe game room and offthe couch." With those ideas in his mind, he started to devise a treasure hunt.

Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric braceletsand other valuable things. When his cancer went into remission in 1993, he decided he would carryout his plan anyway.

In 2010, Fenn topped offthe chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deepin the Rocky Mountains, north of Sante Fe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for his self-publishedmemoir, The Thrill of the Chase. It contained nine clues about the treasure box′ s whereabouts. Onestanza reads like this: Begin it where warm waters halt/And take it in the canyon down/Not far, buttoo far to walk/Put in below the home of Brown.

A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fenn hasreceived thousands of e-mails from treasure hunters. Some request more clues to the box. But mostly "people thanked me for bringing their family together," he says with a self-comforting smile on hisface.

In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad

Passage 1

Sante re, New Mexico multimillionaire Fortest Fenn has always loved a good adventure. As asmall child before eight, he and his brother, Skippy spent summer vacations making exploration inYellowstone National Park.

As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World War II fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latteremulated his hero during The Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico and settledthere as an arts and antiques dealer, hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, war memorabilia, andother antique to sell.

In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. As he had always been doing, heconceived a grand adventured that he assumed would be his last one. "I wanted to create someexcitement, some hope, before I died," says Fenn,82, adding that he also wanted to "get kids out ofthe game room and offthe couch." With those ideas in his mind, he started to devise a treasure hunt.

Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric braceletsand other valuable things. When his cancer went into remission in 1993, he decided he would carryout his plan anyway.

In 2010, Fenn topped offthe chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deepin the Rocky Mountains, north of Sante Fe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for his self-publishedmemoir, The Thrill of the Chase. It contained nine clues about the treasure box′ s whereabouts. Onestanza reads like this: Begin it where warm waters halt/And take it in the canyon down/Not far, buttoo far to walk/Put in below the home of Brown.

A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fenn hasreceived thousands of e-mails from treasure hunters. Some request more clues to the box. But mostly "people thanked me for bringing their family together," he says with a self-comforting smile on hisface.

In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad

Passage 1

Sante re, New Mexico multimillionaire Fortest Fenn has always loved a good adventure. As asmall child before eight, he and his brother, Skippy spent summer vacations making exploration inYellowstone National Park.

As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World War II fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latteremulated his hero during The Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico and settledthere as an arts and antiques dealer, hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, war memorabilia, andother antique to sell.

In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. As he had always been doing, heconceived a grand adventured that he assumed would be his last one. "I wanted to create someexcitement, some hope, before I died," says Fenn,82, adding that he also wanted to "get kids out ofthe game room and offthe couch." With those ideas in his mind, he started to devise a treasure hunt.

Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric braceletsand other valuable things. When his cancer went into remission in 1993, he decided he would carryout his plan anyway.

In 2010, Fenn topped offthe chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deepin the Rocky Mountains, north of Sante Fe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for his self-publishedmemoir, The Thrill of the Chase. It contained nine clues about the treasure box′ s whereabouts. Onestanza reads like this: Begin it where warm waters halt/And take it in the canyon down/Not far, buttoo far to walk/Put in below the home of Brown.

A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fenn hasreceived thousands of e-mails from treasure hunters. Some request more clues to the box. But mostly "people thanked me for bringing their family together," he says with a self-comforting smile on hisface.

In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad

Passage 2

The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.

While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．

Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．

While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGa

Passage 2

The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.

While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．

Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．

While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGa

Passage 2

The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.

While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．

Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．

While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGa

Passage 2

The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.

While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．

Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．

While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGa

Passage 2

The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.

While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．

Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．

While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGa

根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。

反馈是教学中的重要环节之一。简述外语教学中反馈的两种主要类型，列举教师了解学生学习情况的三种途径，以便及时给予反馈。

根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。

下面是某初中课堂教学片段。

T: (referring to a picture) where is John, Li Lei

S 1: He has gone to Shanghai.

T: How many times has he been to Shanghai

S 1: He has been to Shanghai for only once.

T: (referring to another picture) where is Mary, Wang Wei

S2: She has gone to the library.

T: How many times has she been to the library a week

S2: She has been to the librarytwice a week.

根据上面所提供的信息，从下面四个方面作答：

(1)此教学片段的教学目标是什么

(2)教师采用了何种教学方法

(3)该教学方法有何优缺点

(4)提出两条主要建议，解决该教学方法可能带来的问题。

根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。

设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语阅读教学设计，该方案没有固定的格式．但须包含下列要点：

·teaching objectives

·teaching contents

·key and difficult points

·major steps and time allocation

·activities and justifications

教学时间：20分钟

学生情况：某城镇普通中学初中二年级(八年级)学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到

《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂积极性一般。

语言素材：

If you go to a fast food restaurant or a snake bar, you will probably see a lot of teenagers.Today, many teenagers are overweight, and some of this is because of their bad eating habits.Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat, oil, and sugar. People often call this type of food "junk food".

But food eating habits go beyond fast food. Many teenagers find it difficult to eat healthy.

Some don′t have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don′t have a propermeal for lunch. In a recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two-thirds of thestudents didn′t follow a healthy diet. Nearly half of the students didn′t like vegetables, andmany of them don′ t like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat.

Parents today also worry about their children′s diet. Some doctors give the followingadvice:

· Teenagers shouldn′t eat too much junk food.

· Teenagers shouldn′t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.

· Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil, and sugar.

· Teenagers need to eat some fruit and vegetables every day. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins and have little fat.

· Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.

· Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their body and mind.