读以下图文资料，回答问题。(18分)
匈牙利的汽车工业历史悠久．杰尔是全国重要的汽车工业城市，拥有多家与汽车工业相关的研发和教育机构。近年来。杰尔、肖普朗、埃斯泰尔戈姆和松博特海伊等城市吸引了诸多跨国汽车公司和零部件供应商投资建厂，80％以上的产品用于出口。
(1)概述匈牙利的地形特征。(4分)
(2)与甲河段相比，说明乙河段的水文特征及形成原因。(8分)
(3)说明匈牙利汽车工业的分布特点和原因。(6分)
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)匈牙利全境以平原为主，属多瑙河中游平原；包括多瑙河以东的匈牙利大平原，还有西北部的小平原；在多瑙河以西、小平原和巴拉顿湖之间，是阿尔卑斯山脉东延余脉；南部有巴兰尼亚丘陵。地势起伏小。 (2)甲河段流经山区，落差大，河流流速快；流域面积小；流量小；且纬度高，结冰期较长；而乙河段流经平原，河流流速慢；流域面积大；支流多，汇水量大，流量大；且纬度低，结冰期短。
(3)匈牙利汽车工业分布比较集中，主要分布在杰尔周边且交通便利的城市。
原因：杰尔是国家重要的汽车工业城市，有众多与汽车生产相关的研发和教育机构，工业集聚效应好：且杰尔有公路、铁路通过，交通便利，便于原材料的进口和产品的出口。
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