简述经济基础和上层建筑的辩证关系。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)在社会形态的矛盾统一体中，经济基础决定上层建筑，上层建筑反作用于经济基础；经济基础和上层建筑之间存在着自始至终的矛盾运动。
(2)经济基础对上层建筑的决定作用表现在：经济基础决定上层建筑的产生，决定上层建筑的性质，决定上层建筑的变革。
(3)上层建筑对经济基础的反作用表现为积极地为经济基础服务，第一，从方式上看，上层建筑是通过对社会生活各个方面和领域的控制和调节来为经济基础服务的。第二，从内容上看，上层建筑一方面要保护和促进自己的经济基础的形成、巩固和发展，另一方面要消灭和排斥异己的经济基础和上层建筑。第三，从性质上看，上层建筑对经济基础的反作用在整个社会发展中所起作用的性质最终取决于其所服务的经济基础的性质，如果上层建筑维护的是适合生产力发展的先进的经济基础，则该上层建筑反作用的社会性质是进步的．如果上层建筑维护的是不适合生产力发展的落后的经济基础，则该上层建筑反作用的社会性质是反动的。
(4)经济基础和上层建筑的相互作用构成了社会形态及其矛盾运动，表现为上层建筑与经济基础之间由基本适合到基本不适合再到新的基本适合的矛盾运动，如此循环往复，推动社会形态的不断更新。
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