题目详情

(  )是由文人画发展而成的职业画家。

  • A.沈周
  • B.文征明
  • C.唐寅
  • D.仇英

正确答案及解析

正确答案
C
解析

A项:沈周,字启南,号石田,又号白石翁,长洲(今江苏吴县)人,出身于诗画及收?世家,擅诗书画,终身不仕。沈周是吴门派的创始人,他与文征明是吴门派“文人画”最突出的代表。沈周的绘画创作以山水为主,大多?绘江南风光或园林景物,尤其擅长诗书画一体的文人画风,水墨以及水墨淡着色引人注意,有粗细两种面目(以粗者为主)。其画法师承吴镇而上溯董源、巨然,笔丰墨健,意态轩昂,尤能在温雅恬静的情调里表达恢宏的胸襟、丰富的想象与旺盛的生命力。

B项:文征明,初名壁,字征明,号衡山,长洲(江苏吴县)人,出身于官宦之家,画学沈周。早年曾参加科举考试数次未中,五十多岁时被荐入京参与编修史书三年余,但一生主要致力于诗文书画,过着名士生活。文征明的绘画创作以山水为主,无论淡雅的青绿,还是沉雄、文秀的水墨,大多描绘江南风光或文人园林,画法绍述元人之外,亦能追踪五代北宋,但很少受南宋院体的影响。文征明的画也有粗细两种面貌,以细者为多,于繁密中见文秀。情调是闲静典雅的,布景是层叠而上缺少纵深空间表现的,丘壑林木是棱角分明而略有变形的。抒情意味胜于沈周,气度格局却不如他。

C项:唐寅,字子畏,另字伯虎,晚号六如居士,吴县人,出身开设酒家的小商人,但自小有“神童”之誉,是著名文人,号称“江南第一风流才子”,但因科场舞弊案而功名仕途无望,不得不委身画业,是由文人发展而成为的职业画家。唐寅早年曾随文征明师学沈周文人山水,科场案后师从周臣,学南宋院体李唐、刘松年,形成了以院体为主要面貌但又不失“文人画”气格的“院体别派”面目。唐寅修养广博,诗书画并皆佳妙,阅历较广,入世较深,故题材范围宽广,亦今亦古,不拘一格。?些作品尤能通过诗书画的结合阐发不同寻常的立意,或表达对农民的同情,如《江南农事图》;或寄托蔑视封建伦常的志趣,如《李端端图》;或歌颂自食其力者的豪情,如《西洲话旧图》。

D项:仇英,字实父,号十洲,太仓人,漆工出身,是工匠出身而跻身于文人之林的画家。他多作青绿山水、工笔重彩。他专画传统题材,临古功底深,善于囊括唐宋以来的优秀传统,章法结体严谨,笔力刚健,结构准确,刻画人物亲切自然,又不失与民间一脉相承的欣赏习惯,具有与世俗相通的审美情感,他的画带有一种雅俗共赏的格调。

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