下列（ ）幅作品是浪漫主义美术先驱的作品。
- A.《查理四世全家像》
- B.《梅杜萨之筏》
- C.《爱普森赛马》
- D.《希奥岛的屠杀》
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
A项：戈雅。他的作品具有现实主义的精神，同时，他也是西方美术史上开拓浪漫主义艺术的先驱。其画面充满激情，对人物内心因素揭示深刻；善于运用隐喻的讽刺手法，强化服装掩饰下的贵族气，使之与空虚的心灵产生对比；戈雅的艺术具有鲜明的民族特性、现代性和实际的历史感。代表作品：油画《查理四世全家像》《1808 年 5 月 3 日夜枪杀起义者》《着衣的玛哈》《裸体的玛哈》，铜版组画《卡普里乔斯》（即《狂想曲》）《战争的灾难》等。所以答案是A。
B&C：希里柯，法国浪漫主义先驱，其作品多?绘宏伟壮阔的场面。1819 年在国家沙龙上展出的《梅杜萨之筏》被看作是浪漫主义美术的宣言。因强烈的政治隐喻引起美术界和舆论界的热烈论战，使法国绘画耳目一新。马和军旅题材一直是希里柯喜爱的题材，他创作了如《爱普森赛马》《轻骑军官在冲锋》《受惊的马》等作品进行表现。
D项：德拉克洛瓦是最伟大的浪漫主义画家，被称为“浪漫主义的狮子”。德拉克洛瓦创作的《希奥岛的屠杀》标志着浪漫主义盛期的到来。画家取材于举世瞩目的事件，表现希腊民族所遭受的凌辱。
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