读“2014--2015年北京雨燕迁徙路线图”和材料，回答问题。(8分)
材料一北京雨燕属小型候鸟，常在房屋屋檐下筑巢，在我国北方地区繁殖，在南非越冬。
材料二2014--2015年北京雨燕迁徙路线图。
(1)北京雨燕从A出发，经过B→C→D→E，到达越冬地F。这一过程主要发生在__________季。
(2)北京雨燕迁徙线路所经过的A、B、C、D、E、F六地中，降水最多的是__________地(填字母)。
(3)北京雨燕()。
A．迁徙线路主要经过了亚洲、欧洲和非洲
B．飞越了青藏高原、刚果盆地等地区
C．迁徙路线经过了亚欧板块、印度洋板块和非洲板块三大板块
D．越冬期间，南非的草原地区一片枯黄
(4)北京雨燕飞越B地时，获取的水分和食物量明显减少，该地区最主要的气候特征是__________ 。
其主要影响因素是__________。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)秋。解析：雨燕夏季在北京，冬季在南非，因此秋季从北京迁徙到南非。 (2)E。解析：E地位于刚果盆地，是热带雨林气候，在六地中降水最多。
(3)C。解析：迁徙路线主要经过了亚洲和非洲；从新疆过境，没有经过青藏高原；经过了亚欧板块、印度洋板块和非洲板块三大板块；越冬期间为南半球的夏季，南非草原一片葱绿。
(4)干旱；海陆位置。解析：B地位于中亚地区，深居内陆，远离海洋，水汽难以到达，气候干旱，主要受到海陆位置的影响。
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