论述课堂结构。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
[答案要点]学生、学习过程和学习情境的相对稳定的组合模式就是课堂结构。它包括课堂情境结构和课堂教学结构。
(1)课堂情境结构
①班级规模的控制班级过大容易限制师生交往和学生参加课堂活动的机会，阻碍课堂教学的个别化，有可能导致课堂出现较多的纪律问题。
②课堂常规的建立课堂常规是每个学生必须遵守的最基本的日常课堂行为准则，能够使课堂行为规范化。
③学生座位的分配分配座位时，一方面要考虑课堂行为的有效控制，预防纪律问题的发生；另一方面又要考虑促进学生间的正常交往，形成和谐的师生关系，并有助于学生形成良好的人格特征。
(2)课堂教学结构，能使教师满怀信心地按照教学设计，有条不紊地进行教学。①教学时间的合理使用：课堂活动有学业、非学业、非教学活动三种类型，学业活动时间越多学业成绩越好。②课程表的编制：编制应尽量将核心课堂安排在学生精力充沛上。其次，文理学科，形象性与抽象性学科交错安排。③教学过程的规划。
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