结合实例，简要说明学生心理发展的基本特征。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
[参考答案]学生心理发展的特征主要体现在以下四个方面：
(1)连续性与阶段性。在个体的心理发展过程中，既体现出量的积累，又表现出质的飞跃。当某些新的特征进行量的积累时，体现出连续性，导致质的飞跃时，也即表现出阶段性的发展。
(2)定向性与顺序性。正常情况下，心理发展呈现一定的方向性和顺序性。尽管个体心理发展的速度不尽相同，但每个阶段的发展是不可逆且不可逾越的。
(3)不平衡性。个体从出生到成熟并不总是按相同的速率直线发展，而是体现出多元化的模式，主要表现在两个方面：一方面，在同一阶段，个体不同的机能系统在发展速度、起止时间、成熟水平等方面不同；另一方面，个体的同一机能系统在不同时期(年龄阶段)有不同的发展速率。
(4)差异性。尽管任何一个正常个体的发展总要经历一些共同的基本阶段，但发展的个体差异仍然非常明显，每个人的发展优势、发展速度、高度(达到的水平)往往是千差万别。
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