题目详情

试述青年期的心理特点。

正确答案及解析

正确答案
解析

青年期的心理特点,主要表现在四个方面:其一,精神生活空间扩大。青年期突破了少年期局限于学校和家庭的活动范围,扩大到社会的各个方面。青年人开始独立与社会交往,在建立新的人际关系中,社交结构也由简单向复杂化发展,跨越了一个较大的心理跨度。青年离开家庭、跨入社会,同时,开始了以智力生活为重要特征的精神生活。他们在学习和社会实践中了解过去,观察现在,预测未来,无限地扩展视野。其二,心理发展显著,认识能力明显提高。随着实践活动的明显增加,青年的思维活动有了长足的进步,并从逻辑思维向辩证思维过渡,出现了特有的独立批判性和创造性。开始用批判的眼光看待周围的事物,理想、信念、人生观初步形成。由于自我意识基本成熟,青年的自我评价、自我教育和自我控制以及对别人与社会的评价已达到一定的水平,当然还不成熟和全面,所以还会产生种种复杂的矛盾。其三,性机能的成熟。性的问题,是生理的、心理的和社会的问题。由于性机能成熟的前倾,出现了很多与此相联系的一系列内心情感体验。但因缺乏必要的性科学知识,对性冲动又缺乏心理上的准备,从而产生神秘感和好奇心、羞耻心及不安感等心理矛盾,随之又会产生对异性的向往和爱慕。这是青年期心理发展的一个重要特点。其四,情感日益丰富。青年的情感发展日益丰富。他们的集体主义情感、爱国主义情感、义务感、道德感、美感和理智感都有很大发展,爱情的体验也已出现。但遇事仍易激动,不善于用理智控制感情,表现出情感动荡不定。若受不良思想支配,易导致不轨行为。

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