题目详情

一节绘画课上,教师让幼儿看黑板。

师:小朋友们,黑板上有什么?

幼:有人。

幼:有山。

幼:有树。

接着又问第二幅画。

师:小朋友们,画上有什么东西?

幼:树。

幼:叶。

幼:枝。

教师示范绘画并进行指导,教师看幼儿画的五花八门,又指导说再看老师画一遍,结果全班画的都一样,只是与老师的相比更为粗糙。

(1)该教师在教学存在哪些问题?

(2)该教师违背了哪些学前教育的原则,请指出并提出合理建议。

正确答案及解析

正确答案
解析

在绘画教学过程中,该教师以统一的标准来要求儿童,而忽视了学生的个性差异性和学习过程中的主体性地位,扼杀了儿童的创造力,不利于儿童的健康成长。

(2)[参考答案]该教师的教学.fi-为违反了学前教育的主体性原则、教育的活动性和直观

性原则。由于学前儿童身心发展的特殊性,根据学校教育主体性原则、活动性原则和直观性原则的要求,教师在教学活动中应做好以下几点:①儿童是学习的主体,只有儿童积极参与、主动建构,课程才能激发他们的学习经验,促进其身心发展。在学前教育中,教师要扮演好自己的环境创设者、儿童学习的观察者、引导者角色,体现“导”的艺术,把活动的主体地位让给幼儿,激发学前儿童的学习兴趣和动机,而不是一诚不变地让幼儿被动地接受教师的教授。②学前儿童认知直觉行动性与形象性的方式和特点,决定了他们不可能像中小学生那样,主要通过课堂书本知识的学习来获得发展,而必须通过活动去接触各种事物和现象,与人交往,实际操作物体,才能逐步积累经验,获得真知。离开了活动,就没有儿童的发展,学前教育不能只让儿童静坐着看和听,而应该运用各种方法,引导儿童主动活动。

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