题目详情

当代有一位教育专家兼作家这样叹息中国的教育:“要想使中国的每一个孩子都有一个好前程,现在中国父母唯一要做的恰恰不是帮助学校把他们的考分再提高一些,而是保护好自己孩子的天赋别再受学校的侵害吧!”

运用相关学习理论来对这一现象进行评析。

正确答案及解析

正确答案
解析

这段话指出了当前中国教育的弊端,当前中国教育趋向于分数教育(即应试教育),都是以分数来衡量一个学生的好坏,学生已经变成读书机器,而失去了本身拥有的天赋,学习的本质被歪曲。 美国著名的认知教育心理学家布鲁纳主张,学习的实质是主动地形成认知结构。布鲁纳认为,学习的本质不是被动地形成刺激—反应的联结,而是主动地形成认知结构,学习者不是被动地接受知识,而是主动地获取知识,并通过把新获得的知识和已有的认知结构联系起来,积极地建构其知识体系。他提倡使用“发现法”。所谓发现法就是由教师创设情境,使学生在这种情境中产生矛盾,从而进行主动、积极地思考,提出要解决的问题和设想,通过分析、运算和操作等过程,最后自行发现原理,达到掌握知识的目的。发现法能激发学生内在的学习动机和学习兴趣,启发学生独立思考,发展学生的创.造性思维能力,有利于知识的巩固。同样罗杰斯也指出学习应该是学习者对有用的、有价值的经验的学习;最有用的学习是学会如何进行学习。

学习的目的并不是为了取得分数,而是为了实现个人潜能的开发和人生价值的实现。

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