有一名实习生在幼儿园进行了一次简单的“幼儿水平测验”，他设计了两个题目：Ⅰ．若A>B，B>C，请小朋友说说A和C哪一个大？ Ⅱ．小王同学比小李同学高，小李同学比小张同学高，请问小王和小张两位同学谁高？他使用“随机取样”方式在大班选用了题目Ⅰ，在中班使用了题目Ⅱ。可出乎意料，他发现中班幼儿的思维发展水平高于大班。他满意地把这个新发现告诉老师，老师说他可能弄错了。
根据以上案例，回答下列问题：
(1)该实习生测验的是幼儿心理发展的哪个方面？(2)老师为什么说他可能弄错了，请你给他指出来。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)该实习生测验的是幼儿思维的发展水平(或思维水平的比较、判断的发展水平)。 (2)实习生没有考虑到幼儿思维发展的具体特点，如幼儿对概念的掌握、思维的直观形象性、生活经验等因素对测验题目设置的影响。根据皮亚杰的认知发展理论的观点，认知结构发展是一个连续构造(建构)的过程，每一个阶段都是前一阶段的延伸，都是在新水平上对前面阶段进行改组而形成新系统。中班幼儿的思维发展水平之所以比大班高，是因为实习生在对大班测试时使用了抽象符号，而对中班使用了具体的事物，而幼儿对抽象的符号A、B、C等比对具体的人和事生疏，理解能力差，从而影响了比较、判断、推理能力的发挥。
在对幼儿进行思维能力的测试时，一定要保证测量工具的合理性。如果忽略测量工具的影响，直接看结论，很容易得出错误结论。
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