
- A.O(lgn)
- B.O(n )
- C.O(n2)
- D.O(nlgn)
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
动态规划算法与分治法不同的是,适合于用动态规划求解的问题,经分解得到子问题往往不是互相独立的。若用分治法来解这类问题,则分解得到的子问题数目太多,有些子问题被重复计算了很多次。如果能够保存已解决的子问题的答案,而在需要时再找出已求得的答案,这样就可以避免大量的重复计算,节省时间。可以用一个表来记录所有已解的子问题的答案。不管该子问题以后是否被用到,只要它被计算过,就将其结果填入表中。这就是动态规划法的基本思路。本题中的时间复杂度为 O(n) 。贪心选择是指所求问题的整体最优解可以通过一系列局部最优的选择,即贪心选择来达到。这是贪心算法可行的第一个基本要素,也是贪心算法与动态规划算法的主要区别。回溯算法实际上一个类似枚举的搜索尝试过程,主要是在搜索尝试过程中寻找问题的解,当发现已不满足求解条件时,就 “回溯”返回,尝试别的路径。回溯法是一种选优搜索法,按选优条件向前搜索,以达到目标。但当探索到某一步时,发现原先选择并不优或达不到目标,就退回一步重新选择,这种走不通就退回再走的技术为回溯法,而满足回溯条件的某个状态的点称为“回溯点”。求最短的装配时间与装配路线只需要将选项按照公式带入计算(将图上每条路径上的所有数字相加)可得最短路线为 S11 → S22 → S13 ,时间为21 。
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