在计算机系统中，构成虚拟存储器( )。
- A.既需要硬件也需要软件方可实现
- B.只需要一定的软件即可实现
- C.只需要一定的硬件资源即可实现
- D.既不需要软件也不需要硬件
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
本题考查虚拟存储的构成。
虚拟存储器是操作系统自动实现存储信息调度和管理的，但需要有硬件资源的配合实现。
主存的特点是速度快但容量小，CPU可直访问。外存的特点的容量大和速度慢，CPU不能直接访问。用户的程序和数据通常放在外存中。因此需要经常在主与外存间取来送去。由用户来干预调度很不方便。虚拟存储器用来解决这个矛盾，使用户感到他可以直接访问整个内外存空间，而不需要用户干预。因此容量很大的速度较快的外存储器(硬磁盘)成为虚拟存储器主要组成部分。
虚拟储存器中硬盘中的数据和主存中的数据的调度方法与高速缓存Cache的调度方法类似。即把经常访问的数据调入告诉主存中保存。不需要的数据用一定的替代算法再送回硬盘中。这些调入调出的操作都是由虚拟存储器自动完成的。
综上所述，构成虚拟存储器既需要硬件也需要软件。
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