交换机命令SwitchA(VLAN)#vtp pruning的作用是()。
- A.退出VLAN配置模式
- B.删除一个VLAN
- C.进入配置子模式
- D.启动路由修剪功能
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
交换机命令SwitcliA(VLAN)#vtp pruning的作用是启用路由修剪功能。在默认情况下，所有交换机通过中继链路连接在一起，如果VLAN中的任何设备发出一个广播包、组播包或者一个未知的单播数据包，交换机都会将其洪泛(flood)到所有与源VLAN端口相关的各个输出端口上(包括中继端口)。在很多情况下，这种洪泛转发是必要的，特别是在VLAN跨越多个交换机的情况下。然而，如果相邻的交换机上不存在源VLAN的活动端口，则这种洪泛发送的数据包是无用的。为了解决这个问题，可以使用静态或动态的修剪方法。所谓静态修剪，就是手工剪掉中继链路上不活动的VLAN。但是，手工修剪会遇到一些问题，主要是必须根据网络拓扑结构的改变经常重新配置中继链路。在多个交换机组成多个VLAN的网络中，这种工作方式很容易出错。VTP动态修剪允许交换机之间共享VLAN信息，也允许交换机从中继连接上动态地剪掉不活动的VLAN，使得所有共享的VLAN都是活动的。例如，交换机A告诉交换机B，它有两个活动的VLAN1和VLAN2，而交换机B告诉交换机A，它只有一个活动的VLAN1，于是，它们就共享这样的事实：VLAN2在它们之间的中继链路上是不活动的，应该从中继链路的配置中剪掉。这样做的好处是显而易见的，如果以后在交换机B上添加了VLAN2的成员，交换机B就会通知交换机A，它有了一个新的活动的VLAN2，于是，两个交换机就会动态地把VLAN2添加到它们之间的中继链路配置中。
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