以下属于对称数字用户线路(SymmetricalDigital Subscriber Line)的是()。
- A.HDSL
- B.ADSL
- C.RADSL
- D.VDSL
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
数字用户线路(Digitai Subscriber Line,DSL)是基于普通电话线的宽带接入技术。它可以在一根铜线上分别传送数据和语音信号,其中数据信号并不通过电话交换设备,并且不需要拨号,属于专线上网方式。DSL有许多模式,通常把所有的DSL技术统称 为xDSL,X代表不同种类的DSL技术。按数据传输的上、下行传输速率的相同和不同,DSL有对称和非对称两种传输模式。 对称DSL技术中,上、下行传输速率相同,主要有HDSL,SDSL等,用于替代传统的 T1/El接入技术。高比特率用户数字线HDSL采用两对或三对双绞线提供全双工数据传输,支持 7c×64Kbps(π=1,2,3,…)的各种速率,较高的速率可达1.544Mbps或2.048Mbps, 传输距离可达3~5km,技术上比较成熟,在视频会议、远程教学和移动电话基站连接 等方面得到了广泛应用。
SDSL(单线路用户数字线)在单一双绞线上支持多种对称速率的连接,用户可根据 数据流量,选择最经济合适的速率。在0.4mm双绞线上的最大传输距离可达3km以上, 能够支持诸如电视会议和协同计算等各种要求上、下行通信速率一致的应用。SDSL标准目前还处于发展中。非对称DSL技术的上、下行传输速率不同,适用于对双向带宽要求不一样的应用, 例如Web浏览、多媒体点播、信息发布等。
ADSL(AsymmetricalDigital Subscriber Line)是一种非对称DSL技术,在一对铜线 上可提供上行速率512Kbps ~ 1Mbps,下行速率1~8Mbps,有效传输距离在3~5km左右。在进行数据传输的同时还可以使用第三个信道进行4kHz的语音传输。现在比较成 熟的ADSL标准有G.DMT和G.Lite两种。GDMT是全速率的ADSL标准,支持8Mbps 的下行速率及1。5Mbps的上行速率,但它要求用户端安装POTS分离器,比较复杂且 价格昂贵:G.Lite标准速率较低,下行速率为1.5Mbps,上行速率为512Kbps,但省去了 POTS分离器,成本较低且便于安装。GDMT较适用于小型办公室(SOHO),而G.Lite则更适用于普通家庭。RADSL(速率自适应用户数字线)支持同步和非同步传输方式,下行速率为 640Kbps ~12Mbps,上行速率为128Kbps~1Mbps,也支持数据和语音同时传输,具有速率自适应的特点。RADSL可以根据双绞线的质量和传输距离动态调整用户的访问速度。RADSL允许通信双方的Modem寻找流量最小的频道来传送数据,以保证一定的数据速率。RADSL特别适用于线路质量千差万别的农村、山区等地区使用。VDSL(甚高比特率数字用户线)可在较短的距离上获得极高的传输速率,是各种DSL中速度最快的一种。在一对铜双绞线上,VDSL的下行速率可以扩展到52Mbps, 同时允许1.5~2.3Mbps的上行速率,但传输距离只有300~1000m。当下行速率降至13Mbps时,传送距离可达到1.5km以上,此时上行速率为1.6~2.3Mbps。传输距离的缩短,会使码问干扰大大减少,数字信号处理就大为简化,所以其设备成本要比ADSL低。
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