常见的软件开发模型有瀑布模型、演化模型、螺旋模型、喷泉模型等。其中( )适用于需求明确或很少变更的项目。
- A.瀑布模型
- B.演化模型
- C.螺旋模型
- D.喷泉模型
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
本题考查的是常见的软件开发模型的基本概念。
瀑布模型给出了软件生存周期中制定开发计划、需求分析、软件设计、编码、测试和维护等阶段以及各阶段的固定顺序，上一阶段完成后才能进入到下一阶段，整个过程如同瀑布流水。该模型为软件的开发和维护提供了一种有效的管理模式，但在大量的实践中暴露出其缺点，其中最为突出的是缺乏灵活性，特别是无法解决软件需求不明确或不准确的问题。这些问题有可能造成开发出的软件并不是用户真正需要的，并且这一点只有在开发过程完成后才能发现。所以瀑布模型适用于需求明确，且很少发生较大变化的项目。
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