A) We've always been a hands-on, do it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.
B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.
C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members-including guys named Jobs and Wozniak-started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.
D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.
E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you, re learning to do.
F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.
正确答案及解析
正确答案
36-45：EICGK FBJDH
解析
36.创客空间是人们根据个人兴趣制造东西的地方。
37.教师在创客空间中的角色得到加强，因为他们必须在这个过程中进行监督和促进。
38.想出一个自己的想法或者从别人那里改进一个想法是制造概念的关键。
39.与结构化学习相反，边做边学是高度个性化的。
40.美国是一个以自己制造东西而闻名的国家。
41.除非学生们能掌控一切，否则制作将是乏味的。
42.制作可以与一个项目相关，但它是由学生自己创建和执行的。
43.作者建议将创客空间的理念纳入学校课程。
44.创客概念是一些古代哲学思想的现代版本。
45.在学校里，当学生被要求根据教科书做一些对他们来说毫无意义的东西时，制作并没有受到重视。
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