地理课上，为了使学生理解有关经纬线的概念和意义，某老师说：“在浩瀚的太平洋上，一艘远洋轮船出现了严重的故障，在自救无果的情况下，船长拿起电话，向总部求救。如果你是船长，你怎么说呢?”一学生作打电话状：“喂，总部，我们出事了，快来救我们。”“我是总部，请报告你们的位置。”教师追问。该生迟疑了一下，小声回答了一句：“我们在太平洋上。”他的回答引起了哄堂大笑。老师问：“同学们为什么笑呢?”“太平洋那么大，到哪里找呢?”学生回答道。“是呀，救援人员怎样才能找到在太平洋上出事的船呢?”“应该报告船的准确位置!”于是老师把“如何在地球上确定某一位置”的问题抛给学生来讨论。在讨论中，学生们从探讨如何描述自己的座位，到街道门牌号；从电影票上的座位号，到平面直角坐标系……就这样，关于经纬线、经纬网的概念和意义被学生们理解了。问题：该教师的教学突出体现了哪个教学原则?为什么?试结合本案例谈谈该原则的贯彻要求。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)该教师的教学突出体现了启发性教学原则。启发性教学原则是指在教学活动中，教师要突出重点，深入讲解，同时要调动学生的主动性和积极性，引导他们通过独立思考，融会贯通地掌握知识，发展能力。该教师为使学生理解有关经纬线的概念和意义，先抛出轮船在大洋中出现故障如何求救的问题，吸引学生们主动参与进来．从解决这一具体问题出发，引申拓展，进而理解经纬线的知识。这一过程符合启发性教学原则。
(2)启发性教学原则的贯彻要求是：①加强学习的目的性教育，调动学生学习的主动性。②教师的讲授应抓重点、难点、关键，“少而精”，起到“点”和“拨”的作用。③设置问题情境，启发学生积极思维。④培养学生良好的思维方法。
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