题目详情

阅读下面一段课文,回答下列问题:

楚天千里清秋,水随天去秋无际。遥岑远目,献愁供恨,玉簪螺髻。落日楼头,断鸿声里,江南游子。把吴钩看了,栏杆拍遍,无人会,登临意。休说鲈鱼堪脍,尽西风,季鹰归未 求田问舍,怕应羞见,刘郎才气。可惜流年,忧愁风雨,树犹如此!倩何人唤取、红巾翠袖,揾英雄泪

(1)这首词上片写景抒情的内容是什么

(2)词的下片所用三个历史典故的本来含义及作者借用这三个典故分别表达的思想感情是什么

正确答案及解析

正确答案
解析

(1)这首词的上片通过写景和直接抒情,表达了报国无门的悲愤心情。开头“楚天千里清秋”到“断鸿声里”,都是写词人登高望远所见。清秋美景给词人带来的不是愉悦,而是无限的忧愁和遗憾;而失群的孤雁,正是他这位“江南游子”的形象写照。后面几句由描写景物转为人物形象的描写,一个报国的志士,拍遍栏杆,也没有人能理解,报国无门的悲愤得到了淋漓尽致的抒发。 (2)这首词的下片用了三个历史典故,表现了词人对人生的取舍。?

第一,“休说鲈鱼堪脍,尽西风,季鹰归未?”用晋代张翰辞官的典故。张翰,字季鹰,晋代吴郡人,在洛阳做官,见秋风起,便想起了吴中的莼菜羹和鲈鱼脍,便辞官归家。而作者在这里反用其意,表示在国难当头之际,不该置国事于不顾,思归故乡。

第二,“求田问舍,怕应羞见,刘郎才气。”用三国时刘备批评许汜的故事。许汜在国家多事之秋,买田置屋,受到名士陈登的冷遇。许汜向刘备说陈登冷遇他,刘备则更明确地批评他在国难当头之际,只替自己打算,说如果自己是陈登,会更不客气。词人的意思是说,作为一个志士,应该关心国家大事,耻于做自私自利的庸人。?

第三,“树犹如此”,用晋朝桓温的典故。桓温北伐,看见他早年种的柳树已经长得非常粗大,不禁感慨说:“木犹如此,人何以堪!”词人用这一典故意在表示,时光飞逝,报国无期,令人伤感。?

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