阅读下列说明和C++代码，填补代码中的空缺，将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。
【说明】
以下C++代码实现一个超市简单销售系统中的部分功能，顾客选择图书等物品（Item）加入购物车（ShoppingCart），到收银台（Cashier）对每个购物车中的物品统计其价格进行结账，设计如图6-1所示类图。
【C++代码】
using namespace std;class Book;class Visitor {public: virtual void visit(Book* book)=0; //其它物品visit方法}; class Item {public:virtual void accept(Visitor* visitor)=0; virtual doublegetPrice()=0;};class Book （1）{private: double price;public: Book (double price){ //访问本元素 （2）; } void accept(Visitor* visitor) { （3）; }double getPrice(){ returnprice; }};class Cashier（4）{private; double totalForCart;public: //访问Book类型对象的价格并累加 （5）{ //假设Book类型的物品价格超过10元打8折 if(book->getPrice()getPrice(); } else totalForCart+=book->getPrice()*0.8; } //其它visit方法和折扣策略类似，此处略 double getTotal() { return totalForCart; }};class ShoppingCart {private: vector＜item*>items;public: double calculatePrice() { Cashier* visitor=new Cashier(); for(int i=0;i ＜items.size();i++) （6）; } double total=visitor->getTotal(); return total; } void add(Item*e) { items.push_back（e）; }};
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
（1）：public Item
（2）this->price=price
（3）visitor->visit(this)
（4）public visitor
（5）void visit(Book*book)
（6）item->accept(visitor)
【解析】
这里考察的是访问者模式。其定义如下：封装某些作用于某种数据结构中各元素的操作，它可以在不改变数据结构的前提下定义作用于这些元素的新的操作
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